References
1. Lord Rayleigh, “XXXI. Investigations in optics, with special reference to the spectroscope,”
Philos. Mag. Ser. 5, 8(49), 261–274 (1879)
2. D.B. Williams, C.B. Carter, “The Transmission Electron Microscope,” in Transmission
Electron Microscopy (Springer, New York, USA, 2009), pp. 3–22
3. K.W. Urban, Studying atomic structures by aberration-corrected transmission electron
microscopy. Science 321(5888), 506–510 (2008)
4. M. Unser, B.L. Trus, A.C. Steven, A new resolution criterion based on spectral
signal-to-noise ratios. Ultramicroscopy 23(1), 39–51 (1987)
5. J. Frank, A. Verschoor, M. Boublik, Computer averaging of electron micrographs of 40S
ribosomal subunits. Science 214(4527), 1353–1355 (1981)
6. W.O. Saxton, W. Baumeister, The correlation averaging of a regularly arranged bacterial cell
envelope protein. J. Microsc. 127(2), 127–138 (1982)
7. M. Van Heel, W. Keegstra, W. Schutter, E.J.F. Van Bruggen, Arthropod hemocyanin
structures studied by image analysis. Life Chem. Rep. Suppl 1, 69–73 (1982)
8. G. Harauz, M. van Heel, Exact filters for general geometry three dimensional reconstruction.
Optik 73(4), 146–156 (1986)
9. M. van Heel, M. Schatz, Fourier shell correlation threshold criteria. J. Struct. Biol. 151(3),
250–262 (2005)
10. P.B. Rosenthal, R. Henderson, Optimal determination of particle orientation, absolute hand,
and contrast loss in single-particle electron cryomicroscopy. J. Mol. Biol. 333(4), 721–745
(2003)
11. C.k.e. Bleck et al., “Comparison of different methods for thin section EM analysis of
Mycobacterium smegmatis,” J. Microsc. 237(1), 23–38 (2010)
12. A. Hoenger, C. Bouchet-Marquis, Cellular tomography. Adv. Protein Chem. Struct. Biol. 82,
67–90 (2011)
13. S. Wu, J. Liu, M.C. Reedy, H. Winkler, M.K. Reedy, K.A. Taylor, Methods for identifying
and averaging variable molecular conformations in tomograms of actively contracting insect
flight muscle. J. Struct. Biol. 168(3), 485–502 (2009)
14. I. Wacker, R.R. Schroeder, Array tomography. J. Microsc. 252(2), 93–99 (2013)
15. W. Denk, H. Horstmann, Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct
three-dimensional tissue nanostructure. PLoS Biol. 2(11), e329 (2004)
16. G. Knott, H. Marchman, D. Wall, B. Lich, Serial section scanning electron microscopy of
adult brain tissue using focused ion beam milling. J. Neurosci. 28(12), 2959–2964 (2008)
17. J.A.W. Heymann, M. Hayles, I. Gestmann, L.A. Giannuzzi, B. Lich, S. Subramaniam,
Site-specific 3D imaging of cells and tissues with a dual beam microscope. J. Struct. Biol. 155
(1), 63–73 (2006)
18. C. Villinger et al., FIB/SEM tomography with TEM-like resolution for 3D imaging of
high-pressure frozen cells. Histochem. Cell Biol. 138(4), 549–556 (2012)
19. E. Wisse et al., Fixation methods for electron microscopy of human and other liver.
World J. Gastroenterol. 16(23), 2851–2866 (2010)
20. P.C. Hawes, Preparation of cultured cells using high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution
for subsequent 2D or 3D visualization in the transmission electron microscope. Methods Mol.
Biol. Clifton NJ 1282, 271–282 (2015)
21. G.T. Herman, Fundamentals of Computerized Tomography (Springer, London, 2009)
22. T. Gonen et al., Lipid-protein interactions in double-layered two-dimensional AQP0 crystals.
Nature 438(7068), 633–638 (2005)
23. M. Allegretti, D.J. Mills, G. McMullan, W. Kühlbrandt, J. Vonck, “Atomic model of the
F420-reducing [NiFe] hydrogenase by electron cryo-microscopy using a direct electron
detector,” eLife, 3 (2014)
24. T. Grant, N. Grigorieff, “Measuring the optimal exposure for single particle cryo-EM using a
2.6 Å reconstruction of rotavirus VP6,” eLife 4, e06980 (2015)
10 Resolution in Electron Tomography
279
1. Lord Rayleigh, “XXXI. Investigations in optics, with special reference to the spectroscope,”
Philos. Mag. Ser. 5, 8(49), 261–274 (1879)
2. D.B. Williams, C.B. Carter, “The Transmission Electron Microscope,” in Transmission
Electron Microscopy (Springer, New York, USA, 2009), pp. 3–22
3. K.W. Urban, Studying atomic structures by aberration-corrected transmission electron
microscopy. Science 321(5888), 506–510 (2008)
4. M. Unser, B.L. Trus, A.C. Steven, A new resolution criterion based on spectral
signal-to-noise ratios. Ultramicroscopy 23(1), 39–51 (1987)
5. J. Frank, A. Verschoor, M. Boublik, Computer averaging of electron micrographs of 40S
ribosomal subunits. Science 214(4527), 1353–1355 (1981)
6. W.O. Saxton, W. Baumeister, The correlation averaging of a regularly arranged bacterial cell
envelope protein. J. Microsc. 127(2), 127–138 (1982)
7. M. Van Heel, W. Keegstra, W. Schutter, E.J.F. Van Bruggen, Arthropod hemocyanin
structures studied by image analysis. Life Chem. Rep. Suppl 1, 69–73 (1982)
8. G. Harauz, M. van Heel, Exact filters for general geometry three dimensional reconstruction.
Optik 73(4), 146–156 (1986)
9. M. van Heel, M. Schatz, Fourier shell correlation threshold criteria. J. Struct. Biol. 151(3),
250–262 (2005)
10. P.B. Rosenthal, R. Henderson, Optimal determination of particle orientation, absolute hand,
and contrast loss in single-particle electron cryomicroscopy. J. Mol. Biol. 333(4), 721–745
(2003)
11. C.k.e. Bleck et al., “Comparison of different methods for thin section EM analysis of
Mycobacterium smegmatis,” J. Microsc. 237(1), 23–38 (2010)
12. A. Hoenger, C. Bouchet-Marquis, Cellular tomography. Adv. Protein Chem. Struct. Biol. 82,
67–90 (2011)
13. S. Wu, J. Liu, M.C. Reedy, H. Winkler, M.K. Reedy, K.A. Taylor, Methods for identifying
and averaging variable molecular conformations in tomograms of actively contracting insect
flight muscle. J. Struct. Biol. 168(3), 485–502 (2009)
14. I. Wacker, R.R. Schroeder, Array tomography. J. Microsc. 252(2), 93–99 (2013)
15. W. Denk, H. Horstmann, Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct
three-dimensional tissue nanostructure. PLoS Biol. 2(11), e329 (2004)
16. G. Knott, H. Marchman, D. Wall, B. Lich, Serial section scanning electron microscopy of
adult brain tissue using focused ion beam milling. J. Neurosci. 28(12), 2959–2964 (2008)
17. J.A.W. Heymann, M. Hayles, I. Gestmann, L.A. Giannuzzi, B. Lich, S. Subramaniam,
Site-specific 3D imaging of cells and tissues with a dual beam microscope. J. Struct. Biol. 155
(1), 63–73 (2006)
18. C. Villinger et al., FIB/SEM tomography with TEM-like resolution for 3D imaging of
high-pressure frozen cells. Histochem. Cell Biol. 138(4), 549–556 (2012)
19. E. Wisse et al., Fixation methods for electron microscopy of human and other liver.
World J. Gastroenterol. 16(23), 2851–2866 (2010)
20. P.C. Hawes, Preparation of cultured cells using high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution
for subsequent 2D or 3D visualization in the transmission electron microscope. Methods Mol.
Biol. Clifton NJ 1282, 271–282 (2015)
21. G.T. Herman, Fundamentals of Computerized Tomography (Springer, London, 2009)
22. T. Gonen et al., Lipid-protein interactions in double-layered two-dimensional AQP0 crystals.
Nature 438(7068), 633–638 (2005)
23. M. Allegretti, D.J. Mills, G. McMullan, W. Kühlbrandt, J. Vonck, “Atomic model of the
F420-reducing [NiFe] hydrogenase by electron cryo-microscopy using a direct electron
detector,” eLife, 3 (2014)
24. T. Grant, N. Grigorieff, “Measuring the optimal exposure for single particle cryo-EM using a
2.6 Å reconstruction of rotavirus VP6,” eLife 4, e06980 (2015)
10 Resolution in Electron Tomography
279