The combination of chemical, structural, and mechanical properties makes ZL a
unique host for creating distinct composites by accepting inorganic, organic, and
biologically relevant guests and by allowing specific surface modification. Such
composites have therefore been investigated in a surprisingly broad field of applications, ranging from catalysis, lubricant technology, pigments, sensing, optics,
optoelectronics, biology, drug delivery, diagnostics, and human medicine. This
effort underlines the fact that hierarchically organized structures, presenting successive ordering from the molecular up to mm or cm scale, are of great interest. They
allow establishing direct relationship between the molecular arrangements and the
macroscopic world. ZL has been used for creating artificial photonic antenna
systems for light harvesting, transport, and trapping. Much progress has been
made in understanding the structure of guest-ZL composites. The advances in
using ZL composites for diagnostics and for biological and biomedical applications
are impressive.
Unfortunately, only technical grade ZL material is commercially available. This
makes it difficult for many laboratories to perform experiments with appropriate ZL
crystals. It would be desirable to find the following qualities of chemically pure ZL
with narrow size distribution on the market on laboratory amounts: nanosized ZL
(about 50 nm), disc-shaped ZL with flat surfaces, barrel-shaped ZL in the range of
600 nm, and cylinder-shaped ZL of about 1,500 nm or 2000 nm length. It is easy to
predict that this would much enhance progress in the field of science and application
of ZL as a host.
Acknowledgments I would like to thank Professors Ettore Fois and Gloria Tabacchi for important
suggestions and for many excellent and inspiring discussions.
References
1. Tabacchi G (2018) Supramolecular organization in confined nanospaces. ChemPhysChem
19:1249–1297
2. Ramamurthy V, Inoue Y (2011) Supramolecular photochemistry, controlling photochemical
processes. Wiley, Hoboken. ISBN: 978-0-470-23053-4
3. Ikigaki K, Okada K, Tokudome Y, Toyao T, Falcaro P, Doonan CJ, Takahashi M (2019)
MOF-on-MOF: oriented growth of multiple layered thin films of metal–organic frameworks.
Angew Chem Int Ed 58:6886–6890
4. Ozin GA, Arsenault AC (2005) Nanochemistry: a chemical approach to nanomaterials. RSC,
Cambridge. ISBN: 0-85404-664-X
5. Ramamurthy V (1991) Photochemistry in organized and constrained media. VCH, New York.
ISBN: 0-89537-775-2
6. Valtchev V, Mintova S, Tsapatsis M (2009) Ordered porous solids, recent advances and
prospects. Elsevier, Oxford. ISBN: 978-0-444-53189-6
7. Cejka J, van Bekkum H, Corma A, Schüth F (2007) Studies in surface science and catalysis.
In: Introduction to zeolite science and practice, vol 168. 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam. ISBN:
78-0-444-53063-9
8. Laeri F, Schüth F, Simon U, Wark M (2003) Host-guest systems based on nanoporous crystals.
Wiley, Weinheim. ISBN: 3-527-30501-7
Guests in Nanochannels of Zeolite L
63
unique host for creating distinct composites by accepting inorganic, organic, and
biologically relevant guests and by allowing specific surface modification. Such
composites have therefore been investigated in a surprisingly broad field of applications, ranging from catalysis, lubricant technology, pigments, sensing, optics,
optoelectronics, biology, drug delivery, diagnostics, and human medicine. This
effort underlines the fact that hierarchically organized structures, presenting successive ordering from the molecular up to mm or cm scale, are of great interest. They
allow establishing direct relationship between the molecular arrangements and the
macroscopic world. ZL has been used for creating artificial photonic antenna
systems for light harvesting, transport, and trapping. Much progress has been
made in understanding the structure of guest-ZL composites. The advances in
using ZL composites for diagnostics and for biological and biomedical applications
are impressive.
Unfortunately, only technical grade ZL material is commercially available. This
makes it difficult for many laboratories to perform experiments with appropriate ZL
crystals. It would be desirable to find the following qualities of chemically pure ZL
with narrow size distribution on the market on laboratory amounts: nanosized ZL
(about 50 nm), disc-shaped ZL with flat surfaces, barrel-shaped ZL in the range of
600 nm, and cylinder-shaped ZL of about 1,500 nm or 2000 nm length. It is easy to
predict that this would much enhance progress in the field of science and application
of ZL as a host.
Acknowledgments I would like to thank Professors Ettore Fois and Gloria Tabacchi for important
suggestions and for many excellent and inspiring discussions.
References
1. Tabacchi G (2018) Supramolecular organization in confined nanospaces. ChemPhysChem
19:1249–1297
2. Ramamurthy V, Inoue Y (2011) Supramolecular photochemistry, controlling photochemical
processes. Wiley, Hoboken. ISBN: 978-0-470-23053-4
3. Ikigaki K, Okada K, Tokudome Y, Toyao T, Falcaro P, Doonan CJ, Takahashi M (2019)
MOF-on-MOF: oriented growth of multiple layered thin films of metal–organic frameworks.
Angew Chem Int Ed 58:6886–6890
4. Ozin GA, Arsenault AC (2005) Nanochemistry: a chemical approach to nanomaterials. RSC,
Cambridge. ISBN: 0-85404-664-X
5. Ramamurthy V (1991) Photochemistry in organized and constrained media. VCH, New York.
ISBN: 0-89537-775-2
6. Valtchev V, Mintova S, Tsapatsis M (2009) Ordered porous solids, recent advances and
prospects. Elsevier, Oxford. ISBN: 978-0-444-53189-6
7. Cejka J, van Bekkum H, Corma A, Schüth F (2007) Studies in surface science and catalysis.
In: Introduction to zeolite science and practice, vol 168. 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam. ISBN:
78-0-444-53063-9
8. Laeri F, Schüth F, Simon U, Wark M (2003) Host-guest systems based on nanoporous crystals.
Wiley, Weinheim. ISBN: 3-527-30501-7
Guests in Nanochannels of Zeolite L
63