DNA-templated luminescent Ag nanoclusters,
78, 79
Drug delivery, 2, 3, 59, 61, 156, 352
Dye-clay complexes, 200
Dye-clay hybrid systems
aggregation, dyes, 262–266
alignment of dyes, linear polarized light,
272–275
energy and electron transfer, 270–272
excimer formation, 269–270
host-guest interactions
anthocyanin with SA, 259
anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, 261
carmine and carthamus yellow, 260
linearly polarized emission, 273
molecular structures, 259
photoluminescence properties, 266–269
planar structured dyes, 257–258
pyronin Y and thiazines, 258
retinal Schiff base, 261
rhodamine 6G (R6G), 260–261
stability of dyes, 259
Dyes
aggregation, 262–266
dye-ZL composites, 30, 32, 34
HR, 42
length comparison, 10
molecular structures, 259
molecules, 223
organic, 39
Py
+ and Ox
+ , 13, 50–51
TSPCU, 20
Dye-smectite hybridization, 253, 254
Dye-ZL nano antenna, 57
E
Electrical conductivity, 107
Electromagnetic radiation, 108
Electronic transition, 111
Electronic transition dipole moment (ETDM),
28, 43–45
Emission enhancement, 196–198
Emission of dyes, 186–187
Energy gap, 111
Energy transfer (ET), 374
cascade, 349–351
Excimers and exciplexes
ANT, 345
cationic guests, 346
electronic interaction, 343
fluorophore, 346
formation, 344
octa acid, 345
pyrene, 344
stilbazoles, 347
Exciton coupling, 43–48
Exciton splitting, 45, 46
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
(EXAFS), 86, 87, 90
F
Fluorenone-ZL composites, 9, 11, 12, 29, 32
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), 384
Fluorescence, 187
efficiency, 328
ET, 329
Jablonski diagram, 327–328
moderate, 329
monomeric units, 330
squaraines (SQ), 328
trans-stilbene, 331
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)
anisotropy methods, 207
bioimaging, 241–242
catalysis, 242
dye molecules, 234–235
ED and EA molecules, 210
energy migration, 211
estimation, 209
hosts, electrical properties, 235–237
ligands in ship-in-the-bottle synthesis, 9
molecules
distribution, 219
dye concentration, 221
dye molecules, 224
forced segregation, 223
non-radiative energy transfer, 219
porphyrins, 224
quantitative adsorption, 220
two-dimensional systems, 220
non-radiative energy transfer, 210
optical probes and sensors, 207
orientation factor, 211
pesticides, 238
polymers, 227–229
sensing
applications, 240
aptasensor, 240
ED chromophores, 239
esterase activity, 241
hybrid material, 239
rhodamine dyes, 238
in solids and assembled films, 223–234
stopcock molecules, 16
Index
399
78, 79
Drug delivery, 2, 3, 59, 61, 156, 352
Dye-clay complexes, 200
Dye-clay hybrid systems
aggregation, dyes, 262–266
alignment of dyes, linear polarized light,
272–275
energy and electron transfer, 270–272
excimer formation, 269–270
host-guest interactions
anthocyanin with SA, 259
anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, 261
carmine and carthamus yellow, 260
linearly polarized emission, 273
molecular structures, 259
photoluminescence properties, 266–269
planar structured dyes, 257–258
pyronin Y and thiazines, 258
retinal Schiff base, 261
rhodamine 6G (R6G), 260–261
stability of dyes, 259
Dyes
aggregation, 262–266
dye-ZL composites, 30, 32, 34
HR, 42
length comparison, 10
molecular structures, 259
molecules, 223
organic, 39
Py
+ and Ox
+ , 13, 50–51
TSPCU, 20
Dye-smectite hybridization, 253, 254
Dye-ZL nano antenna, 57
E
Electrical conductivity, 107
Electromagnetic radiation, 108
Electronic transition, 111
Electronic transition dipole moment (ETDM),
28, 43–45
Emission enhancement, 196–198
Emission of dyes, 186–187
Energy gap, 111
Energy transfer (ET), 374
cascade, 349–351
Excimers and exciplexes
ANT, 345
cationic guests, 346
electronic interaction, 343
fluorophore, 346
formation, 344
octa acid, 345
pyrene, 344
stilbazoles, 347
Exciton coupling, 43–48
Exciton splitting, 45, 46
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
(EXAFS), 86, 87, 90
F
Fluorenone-ZL composites, 9, 11, 12, 29, 32
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), 384
Fluorescence, 187
efficiency, 328
ET, 329
Jablonski diagram, 327–328
moderate, 329
monomeric units, 330
squaraines (SQ), 328
trans-stilbene, 331
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)
anisotropy methods, 207
bioimaging, 241–242
catalysis, 242
dye molecules, 234–235
ED and EA molecules, 210
energy migration, 211
estimation, 209
hosts, electrical properties, 235–237
ligands in ship-in-the-bottle synthesis, 9
molecules
distribution, 219
dye concentration, 221
dye molecules, 224
forced segregation, 223
non-radiative energy transfer, 219
porphyrins, 224
quantitative adsorption, 220
two-dimensional systems, 220
non-radiative energy transfer, 210
optical probes and sensors, 207
orientation factor, 211
pesticides, 238
polymers, 227–229
sensing
applications, 240
aptasensor, 240
ED chromophores, 239
esterase activity, 241
hybrid material, 239
rhodamine dyes, 238
in solids and assembled films, 223–234
stopcock molecules, 16
Index
399