Struct Bond (2020) 183: 155–184
https://doi.org/10.1007/430_2020_59
# Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Published online: 14 August 2020
Guest-Based Photoactive Porous Materials
Based upon Zn-Carboxylate Metal Organic
Frameworks
Randy W. Larsen, Jacob M. Mayers, Abdulaziz A. Alanazi,
Christopher R. McKeithan, and Lukasz Wojtas
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
1.1 Metal Organic Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
1.2 Photoactive Metal Organic Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
1.3 Transition Metal Polyimines as Photoactive Guests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
2 Ruthenium(II) Polyimines as Photoactive Guests Within Zn-Based Polyhedral MOFs . . . 160
2.1 Zn-Carboxylate-Based Polyhedral MOFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
2.2 Encapsulation of RuBpy Within USF2 and HKUST-1(Zn) (RuBpy@USF2
and RuBpy@HKUST-1(Zn)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
3 RuBpy Templated MOFs . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
3.1 The RWLC-1 and RWLC-2 Templated MOFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
3.2 The RWLC-3 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
3.3 The RWLC-5 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
3.4 The RWLC-6 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Abstract Metal organic framework (MOF) materials are attractive candidates for
the development of solar energy applications due to the modularity of design, high
porosity, and ease of functionalization of these materials. The encapsulation of
photoactive guests into porous MOFs is a particularly attractive strategy for the
development of photosensitive MOFs. This chapter is focused on the encapsulation
of Ruthenium polyimine-type complexes into MOFs due to their high stability,
R. W. Larsen (*), J. M. Mayers, C. R. McKeithan, and L. Wojtas
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
e-mail: rwlarsen@usf.edu
A. A. Alanazi
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Department of Chemistry, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
https://doi.org/10.1007/430_2020_59
# Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Published online: 14 August 2020
Guest-Based Photoactive Porous Materials
Based upon Zn-Carboxylate Metal Organic
Frameworks
Randy W. Larsen, Jacob M. Mayers, Abdulaziz A. Alanazi,
Christopher R. McKeithan, and Lukasz Wojtas
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
1.1 Metal Organic Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
1.2 Photoactive Metal Organic Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
1.3 Transition Metal Polyimines as Photoactive Guests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
2 Ruthenium(II) Polyimines as Photoactive Guests Within Zn-Based Polyhedral MOFs . . . 160
2.1 Zn-Carboxylate-Based Polyhedral MOFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
2.2 Encapsulation of RuBpy Within USF2 and HKUST-1(Zn) (RuBpy@USF2
and RuBpy@HKUST-1(Zn)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
3 RuBpy Templated MOFs . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
3.1 The RWLC-1 and RWLC-2 Templated MOFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
3.2 The RWLC-3 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
3.3 The RWLC-5 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
3.4 The RWLC-6 Templated MOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Abstract Metal organic framework (MOF) materials are attractive candidates for
the development of solar energy applications due to the modularity of design, high
porosity, and ease of functionalization of these materials. The encapsulation of
photoactive guests into porous MOFs is a particularly attractive strategy for the
development of photosensitive MOFs. This chapter is focused on the encapsulation
of Ruthenium polyimine-type complexes into MOFs due to their high stability,
R. W. Larsen (*), J. M. Mayers, C. R. McKeithan, and L. Wojtas
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
e-mail: rwlarsen@usf.edu
A. A. Alanazi
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Department of Chemistry, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia