Chapter 12
Potential of Extremophiles
for Bioremediation
Suresh Kaushik, Aishah Alatawi, Setyowati Retno Djiwanti, Amit Pande,
Efstathia Skotti, and Vijay Soni
Contents
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
12.2 Extremophilic Microorganisms and Their Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.3 Extremophiles in Extreme Environments . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 301
12.4 Bioremediation: A Dynamic Process to Remediate Polluted Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
12.5 Potential of Extremophiles for Bioremediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
12.5.1 Bioremediation of Petroleum Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
12.5.2 Bioremediation of Chemical Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
12.5.3 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
12.5.4 Bioremediation of Radionuclides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
12.5.5 Bioremediation of Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
12.6 Further Research for Potential Extremophilic Microorganisms and Their Scale-Up . . . 318
12.7 Conclusions and Future Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
S. Kaushik (*)
Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute,
New Delhi, India
A. Alatawi
Biology Department, College of Science, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
S. R. Djiwanti
Plant Protection Division, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crop Research Institute (ISMECRI),
Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
A. Pande
Department of Molecular Biology, Jaypee Hospital, Noida, India
E. Skotti
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli Kefalonia, Greece
V. Soni
Division of Infectious Disease, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College,
New York, NY, USA
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
D. G. Panpatte, Y. K. Jhala (eds.), Microbial Rejuvenation of Polluted Environment,
Microorganisms for Sustainability 25, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7447-4_12
293
Potential of Extremophiles
for Bioremediation
Suresh Kaushik, Aishah Alatawi, Setyowati Retno Djiwanti, Amit Pande,
Efstathia Skotti, and Vijay Soni
Contents
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
12.2 Extremophilic Microorganisms and Their Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.3 Extremophiles in Extreme Environments . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 301
12.4 Bioremediation: A Dynamic Process to Remediate Polluted Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
12.5 Potential of Extremophiles for Bioremediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
12.5.1 Bioremediation of Petroleum Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
12.5.2 Bioremediation of Chemical Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
12.5.3 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
12.5.4 Bioremediation of Radionuclides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
12.5.5 Bioremediation of Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
12.6 Further Research for Potential Extremophilic Microorganisms and Their Scale-Up . . . 318
12.7 Conclusions and Future Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
S. Kaushik (*)
Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute,
New Delhi, India
A. Alatawi
Biology Department, College of Science, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
S. R. Djiwanti
Plant Protection Division, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crop Research Institute (ISMECRI),
Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
A. Pande
Department of Molecular Biology, Jaypee Hospital, Noida, India
E. Skotti
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli Kefalonia, Greece
V. Soni
Division of Infectious Disease, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College,
New York, NY, USA
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
D. G. Panpatte, Y. K. Jhala (eds.), Microbial Rejuvenation of Polluted Environment,
Microorganisms for Sustainability 25, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7447-4_12
293