71
from the fruiting bodies. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed its amino acid sequence
(WALKGYK). The Lineweaver-Burk plots showed that TMP was a non- competitive
inhibitor of ACE. TMP presented antihypertensive activity by a short-term assay
(25 mg/kg reduced significantly the systolic blood pressure). TMP was very stable
over a wide range of values of pH and temperatures. Other important effect that
TMP demonstrated was the radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). All activities of TMP were corroborated by utilizing a synthetic peptide (Geng et al. 2016).
In another work, an water extract from mycelium of Pleurotus pulmonarius
(gray oyster mushroom) had ACE inhibitory activity with IC 50 value of 720 μg/ml
and the purified protein increased 60 times the ACE inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 12 μg/
ml). Three proteins were responsible for the blood pressure lowering effects: serine
proteinase inhibitor-like protein, nitrite reductase-like protein, and DEAD/DEAH
box RNA helicase-like protein (Ibadallah et al. 2015). In a similar study, water
extracts from fruiting body of Pleurotus cornucopiae showed antihypertensive
effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats at a dosage of 600 mg/kg; after protein
purification, two ACE inhibitory peptides with IC 50 values of 0.46 and 1.14 mg/ml
were obtained. The amino acid sequences of the two purified oligopeptides were
RLPSEFDLSAFLRA and RLSGQTIEVTSEYLFRH. The molecular mass of the
purified ACE inhibitors was 1622.85 and 2037.26 Da, respectively (Jeong-Hoon
et al. 2011). The water extract (at 30 °C for 3 h) from fruiting body of Tricholoma
giganteum was used for the extraction and characterization of an ACE inhibitory
peptide. The extract and the purified peptide showed ACE inhibitory activities of
IC 50 = 0.31 mg and IC 50 = 0.04 mg, respectively. The ACE inhibitory peptide was a
novel tripeptide with very low similarity to other ACE inhibitors. The ACE activity
Table 5.1 (continued)
Mushroom
Peptide or
protein
Size
(kDa) Function
References
Pleurotus sajor-caju
Ribonuclease
12
Ribonuclease activity
against Fusarium
oxysporum and
Mycosphaerella
arachidicola
Ngai and Ng
(2004)
Antibacterial activity
against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus aureus
Antitumoral activity
against cells HepG2
(hepatoma) and L1210
(leukemia)
Ribonuclease inhibited
translation in a cell-free
rabbit reticulocyte lysate
system
NR Not reported
5 Fungal Productions of Biological Active Proteins
from the fruiting bodies. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed its amino acid sequence
(WALKGYK). The Lineweaver-Burk plots showed that TMP was a non- competitive
inhibitor of ACE. TMP presented antihypertensive activity by a short-term assay
(25 mg/kg reduced significantly the systolic blood pressure). TMP was very stable
over a wide range of values of pH and temperatures. Other important effect that
TMP demonstrated was the radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). All activities of TMP were corroborated by utilizing a synthetic peptide (Geng et al. 2016).
In another work, an water extract from mycelium of Pleurotus pulmonarius
(gray oyster mushroom) had ACE inhibitory activity with IC 50 value of 720 μg/ml
and the purified protein increased 60 times the ACE inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 12 μg/
ml). Three proteins were responsible for the blood pressure lowering effects: serine
proteinase inhibitor-like protein, nitrite reductase-like protein, and DEAD/DEAH
box RNA helicase-like protein (Ibadallah et al. 2015). In a similar study, water
extracts from fruiting body of Pleurotus cornucopiae showed antihypertensive
effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats at a dosage of 600 mg/kg; after protein
purification, two ACE inhibitory peptides with IC 50 values of 0.46 and 1.14 mg/ml
were obtained. The amino acid sequences of the two purified oligopeptides were
RLPSEFDLSAFLRA and RLSGQTIEVTSEYLFRH. The molecular mass of the
purified ACE inhibitors was 1622.85 and 2037.26 Da, respectively (Jeong-Hoon
et al. 2011). The water extract (at 30 °C for 3 h) from fruiting body of Tricholoma
giganteum was used for the extraction and characterization of an ACE inhibitory
peptide. The extract and the purified peptide showed ACE inhibitory activities of
IC 50 = 0.31 mg and IC 50 = 0.04 mg, respectively. The ACE inhibitory peptide was a
novel tripeptide with very low similarity to other ACE inhibitors. The ACE activity
Table 5.1 (continued)
Mushroom
Peptide or
protein
Size
(kDa) Function
References
Pleurotus sajor-caju
Ribonuclease
12
Ribonuclease activity
against Fusarium
oxysporum and
Mycosphaerella
arachidicola
Ngai and Ng
(2004)
Antibacterial activity
against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and
Staphylococcus aureus
Antitumoral activity
against cells HepG2
(hepatoma) and L1210
(leukemia)
Ribonuclease inhibited
translation in a cell-free
rabbit reticulocyte lysate
system
NR Not reported
5 Fungal Productions of Biological Active Proteins