232
Pectinase production (cont.)
heterologous production, 95–97
parameters affecting enzyme production
fermentation pH value, 100
metal ions, 101
temperature, 100, 101
pectin as an inducer, 101–102
on Penicillium frequentans, 97, 98
recombinant pectinase production, 99
strains, 105, 106
Pectinases
applications (see Industrial applications,
pectinases)
biofactories for production, 90, 91
characterization and purification, 88–90
classification, 87
commercial, 108
degradation mechanism, 87
heterogeneous group, enzymes, 87
industrial production, pectolytic
enzymes, 87
mechanism of hydrolysis, 87
microbial production, 86
mode of action, 87, 89
strains, pectinase production, 86
technical application, 86
types, 87, 88
Pectinic acids, 101
Pectinolytic enzyme, 85, 87, 100, 102, 108
See also Pectinases
Pectinolytic yeasts, 103
Pehtze, 50, 51
Pehtze formation, 49
Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), 122
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
(PETA, 182
Phenolic pulp, 212
Phylogenetic analysis, 167
Plant-based meat products, 191
Plant proteins, 185
Pleurotus
cultivation, 157
production, 157
Pleuturegin, 76
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 183, 188
bioconversion, 118
carbon chains, 118
cell biofactory, 121
cytoplasm, 122
DGLA, 122
genetic engineering approaches, 121
industrial production, 122
linoleic acid, 117
metabolites, 119
metabolomic engineering, 126
nitrogen, 123
production, 122
PUFA-rich oil, 124
in SSF, 123
unsaturated fatty acid, 118
Potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, 168
Prokaryotic system, 96
Proteins
essential amino acid, 65
nutraceutical effect, 65
proteolysis, 65
Proteolytic yeasts, 73
Protopectin, 101
Q
Quadrupole mass spectrometer (QqQ), 203
Quorn fermentation, 20
Quorn
® , 7, 34, 40
R
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 169
Recombinant DNA technology, 99
Recombinant pectinase production, 99
Red kojic rice, 51
Angkak production, 52
citrinin, 52
inoculation, 52
metabolites, 51
mycelium, 52
traditional manufacturing, 53
Renin-angiotensin system, 66
Replacing meat, 183
Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), 90
Ribonuclease (RNase), 78–80
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs)
antiproliferative activity, 75
enzymes, 75
hypsin and velutin, 75
inhibitory activity, 75
LAP, 75, 76
lyophyllin, 75, 76
marmorin, 76
mouse embryonic development, 76
pleuturegin, 76
S
Salting and ripening, 51
Saprophytic mushrooms
Agaricaceae family, 153
Agrocybe aegerita, 154
Auriculariaceae, 154
champignon, 153
Index
Pectinase production (cont.)
heterologous production, 95–97
parameters affecting enzyme production
fermentation pH value, 100
metal ions, 101
temperature, 100, 101
pectin as an inducer, 101–102
on Penicillium frequentans, 97, 98
recombinant pectinase production, 99
strains, 105, 106
Pectinases
applications (see Industrial applications,
pectinases)
biofactories for production, 90, 91
characterization and purification, 88–90
classification, 87
commercial, 108
degradation mechanism, 87
heterogeneous group, enzymes, 87
industrial production, pectolytic
enzymes, 87
mechanism of hydrolysis, 87
microbial production, 86
mode of action, 87, 89
strains, pectinase production, 86
technical application, 86
types, 87, 88
Pectinic acids, 101
Pectinolytic enzyme, 85, 87, 100, 102, 108
See also Pectinases
Pectinolytic yeasts, 103
Pehtze, 50, 51
Pehtze formation, 49
Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), 122
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
(PETA, 182
Phenolic pulp, 212
Phylogenetic analysis, 167
Plant-based meat products, 191
Plant proteins, 185
Pleurotus
cultivation, 157
production, 157
Pleuturegin, 76
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 183, 188
bioconversion, 118
carbon chains, 118
cell biofactory, 121
cytoplasm, 122
DGLA, 122
genetic engineering approaches, 121
industrial production, 122
linoleic acid, 117
metabolites, 119
metabolomic engineering, 126
nitrogen, 123
production, 122
PUFA-rich oil, 124
in SSF, 123
unsaturated fatty acid, 118
Potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, 168
Prokaryotic system, 96
Proteins
essential amino acid, 65
nutraceutical effect, 65
proteolysis, 65
Proteolytic yeasts, 73
Protopectin, 101
Q
Quadrupole mass spectrometer (QqQ), 203
Quorn fermentation, 20
Quorn
® , 7, 34, 40
R
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 169
Recombinant DNA technology, 99
Recombinant pectinase production, 99
Red kojic rice, 51
Angkak production, 52
citrinin, 52
inoculation, 52
metabolites, 51
mycelium, 52
traditional manufacturing, 53
Renin-angiotensin system, 66
Replacing meat, 183
Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), 90
Ribonuclease (RNase), 78–80
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs)
antiproliferative activity, 75
enzymes, 75
hypsin and velutin, 75
inhibitory activity, 75
LAP, 75, 76
lyophyllin, 75, 76
marmorin, 76
mouse embryonic development, 76
pleuturegin, 76
S
Salting and ripening, 51
Saprophytic mushrooms
Agaricaceae family, 153
Agrocybe aegerita, 154
Auriculariaceae, 154
champignon, 153
Index