67
binary acid
b
strate for further adsorption. The
BET isotherm (named after S.
Brunauer, P. Emmett, and E. Teller)
has the form:
V/V mon = cz/{(1 – z)[1 – (1 – c)z]},
where z = p/p* (p* is the vapour pressure above a macroscopically thick
layer of liquid on the surface), V mon is
the volume that corresponds to the
surface being covered by a monolayer, V and p are the volume and
pressure of the gas respectively, and c
is a constant. In the BET isotherm,
the isotherm rises indeÜnitely at
high pressures (in contrast to the
Langmuir isotherm). It provides a
useful approximation over some
ranges of pressure but underestimates adsorption for low pressures
and overestimates adsorption for
high pressures.
BHC See benzene hexachloride.
bicarbonate See hydrogencarbonate.
bicarbonate of soda See sodium
hydrogencarbonate.
bifurcation A phenomenon in dynamical systems in which the number of solutions for a type of
behaviour suddenly changes when
one of the parameters deÜning the
system reaches a critical value. Bifurcations can be depicted in a bifurcation diagram in which one axis of a
graph is a variable of the system and
the other axis is a parameter that can
bring about bifurcations. In many
systems a whole series of bifurcations occur, called bifurcation cascades. In certain cases these
bifurcation cascades can lead to
chaotic reactions.
bimolecular reaction A step in a
chemical reaction that involves two
molecules. See molecularity.
binary Describing a compound or
alloy formed from two elements.
binary acid An *acid in which the
acidic hydrogen atom(s) are bound diH H H
N N N
O
C C C
H H H
R
N N N
R
H H H
R
H
C C C
O O O
O
C C C
R
H
H H H
N N N
O
C C C
hydrogen bond
amino-acid side chain
C C C
O
H H H
R
R
N N N
H H H
O
C C C
C C C
R
H H H
H H H
O O O
C C C
C C C
N N N
H H H
N N N
N N N
C C C
N
H H H
O O O
R H
N N N
H
H
O
C
R
O O O
C C C
R
C C C
N N N
H H H
R
H H H
O
C C C
R
C C C
O O O
H H H
N N N
C C C
O O O
R
H H H
N N N
H H H
R
H H H
C C C
N N N
H H H
O
R
C
O O O
H
N
N N N
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
•
•
•
H H H
• • •
H
• • •
•
•
•
R
C C C
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
=
Beta sheet
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binary acid
b
strate for further adsorption. The
BET isotherm (named after S.
Brunauer, P. Emmett, and E. Teller)
has the form:
V/V mon = cz/{(1 – z)[1 – (1 – c)z]},
where z = p/p* (p* is the vapour pressure above a macroscopically thick
layer of liquid on the surface), V mon is
the volume that corresponds to the
surface being covered by a monolayer, V and p are the volume and
pressure of the gas respectively, and c
is a constant. In the BET isotherm,
the isotherm rises indeÜnitely at
high pressures (in contrast to the
Langmuir isotherm). It provides a
useful approximation over some
ranges of pressure but underestimates adsorption for low pressures
and overestimates adsorption for
high pressures.
BHC See benzene hexachloride.
bicarbonate See hydrogencarbonate.
bicarbonate of soda See sodium
hydrogencarbonate.
bifurcation A phenomenon in dynamical systems in which the number of solutions for a type of
behaviour suddenly changes when
one of the parameters deÜning the
system reaches a critical value. Bifurcations can be depicted in a bifurcation diagram in which one axis of a
graph is a variable of the system and
the other axis is a parameter that can
bring about bifurcations. In many
systems a whole series of bifurcations occur, called bifurcation cascades. In certain cases these
bifurcation cascades can lead to
chaotic reactions.
bimolecular reaction A step in a
chemical reaction that involves two
molecules. See molecularity.
binary Describing a compound or
alloy formed from two elements.
binary acid An *acid in which the
acidic hydrogen atom(s) are bound diH H H
N N N
O
C C C
H H H
R
N N N
R
H H H
R
H
C C C
O O O
O
C C C
R
H
H H H
N N N
O
C C C
hydrogen bond
amino-acid side chain
C C C
O
H H H
R
R
N N N
H H H
O
C C C
C C C
R
H H H
H H H
O O O
C C C
C C C
N N N
H H H
N N N
N N N
C C C
N
H H H
O O O
R H
N N N
H
H
O
C
R
O O O
C C C
R
C C C
N N N
H H H
R
H H H
O
C C C
R
C C C
O O O
H H H
N N N
C C C
O O O
R
H H H
N N N
H H H
R
H H H
C C C
N N N
H H H
O
R
C
O O O
H
N
N N N
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
•
•
•
H H H
• • •
H
• • •
•
•
•
R
C C C
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
H H H
C C C
C C C
=
Beta sheet
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