2,4,6-trinitrophenol
536
t
b.p. 130°C. Like other aluminium
alkyls it may be prepared by reacting
a Grignard reagent with aluminium
trichloride. Aluminium alkyls are
used in the *Ziegler process for the
manufacture of high-density polyethene (polythene).
2,4,6-trinitrophenol See picric
acid.
trinitrotoluene (TNT) A yellow
highly explosive crystalline solid,
CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 3 ; r.d. 1.65; m.p. 82°C. It
is made by nitrating toluene (methylbenzene), the systematic name being
1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.
triol (trihydric alcohol) An *alcohol
containing three hydroxyl groups per
molecule.
triose A sugar molecule that contains three carbon atoms. See monosaccharide.
trioxoboric(III) acid See boric
acid.
trioxosulphuric(IV) acid See sulphurous acid.
trioxygen See ozone.
triphenylmethyl An unusual aromatic compound that can exist as
an anion, cation or free radical,
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C. Treatment of triphenylcarbinol in alcoholic solution with
mineral acids produces triphenylmethyl salts, containing the cation
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C
+ , which crystallize as orange-red solids. The action of sodium
on a solution of triphenylmethyl
chloride in ether produces the yellow
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C
– anion. The free radical
form is made by treating triphenylmethyl chloride with mercury or
zinc in the absence of oxygen.
triple bond See chemical bond.
triple point The temperature and
pressure at which the vapour, liquid,
and solid phases of a substance are in
equilibrium. For water the triple
point occurs at 273.16 K and 611.2 Pa.
This value forms the basis of the
deÜnition of the *kelvin and the
thermodynamic *temperature scale.
triplet An atomic state in which
two spin angular momenta of electrons combine together to give a
total nonzero spin. A triplet state
solid
ice line
triple point
hoarfrost
line
steam
line
vapour
611.2
liquid
temperature / K
pressure / Pa
273.16
Triple point
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536
t
b.p. 130°C. Like other aluminium
alkyls it may be prepared by reacting
a Grignard reagent with aluminium
trichloride. Aluminium alkyls are
used in the *Ziegler process for the
manufacture of high-density polyethene (polythene).
2,4,6-trinitrophenol See picric
acid.
trinitrotoluene (TNT) A yellow
highly explosive crystalline solid,
CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 3 ; r.d. 1.65; m.p. 82°C. It
is made by nitrating toluene (methylbenzene), the systematic name being
1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.
triol (trihydric alcohol) An *alcohol
containing three hydroxyl groups per
molecule.
triose A sugar molecule that contains three carbon atoms. See monosaccharide.
trioxoboric(III) acid See boric
acid.
trioxosulphuric(IV) acid See sulphurous acid.
trioxygen See ozone.
triphenylmethyl An unusual aromatic compound that can exist as
an anion, cation or free radical,
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C. Treatment of triphenylcarbinol in alcoholic solution with
mineral acids produces triphenylmethyl salts, containing the cation
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C
+ , which crystallize as orange-red solids. The action of sodium
on a solution of triphenylmethyl
chloride in ether produces the yellow
(C 6 H 5 ) 3 C
– anion. The free radical
form is made by treating triphenylmethyl chloride with mercury or
zinc in the absence of oxygen.
triple bond See chemical bond.
triple point The temperature and
pressure at which the vapour, liquid,
and solid phases of a substance are in
equilibrium. For water the triple
point occurs at 273.16 K and 611.2 Pa.
This value forms the basis of the
deÜnition of the *kelvin and the
thermodynamic *temperature scale.
triplet An atomic state in which
two spin angular momenta of electrons combine together to give a
total nonzero spin. A triplet state
solid
ice line
triple point
hoarfrost
line
steam
line
vapour
611.2
liquid
temperature / K
pressure / Pa
273.16
Triple point
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