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PLASTICS
1851
Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh (1766–1843) makes ebonite (from
rubber).
1855
British chemist Alexander Parkes (1813–90) patents Parkesine, a plastic
made from nitrocellulose, methanol, and wood pulp; it is later called
‘celluloid’.
1860
British chemist Charles Williams (1829–1910) prepares isoprene (synthetic
rubber).
1868
US printer John Hyatt (1837–1920) develops commercial process for making
celluloid.
1884
French chemist Hilaire de Chardonnet (1839–1924) develops process for
making rayon.
1892
British chemists Edward Bevan (1856–1921) and Charles Cross (1855–1935)
develop the viscose process for making rayon.
1899
British chemist Frederick Kipping (1863–1949) discovers silicone plastics.
1901
German chemists Krische and Spitteler make formaldehyde–casein plastic
(Galalith).
1905
Belgian-born US chemist Leo Baekland (1863–1944) invents Bakelite.
1912
Swiss chemist Jacques Brandenberger produces Cellophane (viscose cellulose
film).
1913
US Formica Insulation company markets plastic laminate made from
formaldehyde resins.
1918
Hans John prepares urea–formaldehyde resin.
1926
German chemist Hermann Staudinger (1881–1965) discovers the polymeric
nature of plastics.
1930
US chemist Waldo Semon develops PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
1930
Canadian chemist William Chalmers discovers polymethylmethacrylate
(Perspex and Plexiglass).
1930
German chemists at IG Farbenindustrie produce polystyrene.
1931
Wallace Carothers invents nylon.
1938
US chemist Roy Plunkett produces polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE).
1939
British company ICI develops commercial process for making polyethene.
1941
British chemists John Whinfield (1901–66) and J. Dickson develop Terylene
(Dacron).
1941
German company IG Farbenindustrie produces polyurethane.
1943
US Dow Corning company produces silicone plastics.
1947
British chemists produce acrylic fibres.
1953
German chemist Karl Ziegler (1896–1973) discovers catalyst for making
high-density polyethene.
1954
Italian chemist Giulio Natta (1903–79) develops industrial process for
making high-density polyethene (using Ziegler catalyst).
1989
Italian company Ferruzzi produces biodegradable plastic
(based on starch).
www.AzShimi.ir www.AzShimi.com
p
PLASTICS
1851
Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh (1766–1843) makes ebonite (from
rubber).
1855
British chemist Alexander Parkes (1813–90) patents Parkesine, a plastic
made from nitrocellulose, methanol, and wood pulp; it is later called
‘celluloid’.
1860
British chemist Charles Williams (1829–1910) prepares isoprene (synthetic
rubber).
1868
US printer John Hyatt (1837–1920) develops commercial process for making
celluloid.
1884
French chemist Hilaire de Chardonnet (1839–1924) develops process for
making rayon.
1892
British chemists Edward Bevan (1856–1921) and Charles Cross (1855–1935)
develop the viscose process for making rayon.
1899
British chemist Frederick Kipping (1863–1949) discovers silicone plastics.
1901
German chemists Krische and Spitteler make formaldehyde–casein plastic
(Galalith).
1905
Belgian-born US chemist Leo Baekland (1863–1944) invents Bakelite.
1912
Swiss chemist Jacques Brandenberger produces Cellophane (viscose cellulose
film).
1913
US Formica Insulation company markets plastic laminate made from
formaldehyde resins.
1918
Hans John prepares urea–formaldehyde resin.
1926
German chemist Hermann Staudinger (1881–1965) discovers the polymeric
nature of plastics.
1930
US chemist Waldo Semon develops PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
1930
Canadian chemist William Chalmers discovers polymethylmethacrylate
(Perspex and Plexiglass).
1930
German chemists at IG Farbenindustrie produce polystyrene.
1931
Wallace Carothers invents nylon.
1938
US chemist Roy Plunkett produces polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE).
1939
British company ICI develops commercial process for making polyethene.
1941
British chemists John Whinfield (1901–66) and J. Dickson develop Terylene
(Dacron).
1941
German company IG Farbenindustrie produces polyurethane.
1943
US Dow Corning company produces silicone plastics.
1947
British chemists produce acrylic fibres.
1953
German chemist Karl Ziegler (1896–1973) discovers catalyst for making
high-density polyethene.
1954
Italian chemist Giulio Natta (1903–79) develops industrial process for
making high-density polyethene (using Ziegler catalyst).
1989
Italian company Ferruzzi produces biodegradable plastic
(based on starch).
www.AzShimi.ir www.AzShimi.com