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Solving Problems: A Chemistry Handbook
Chemistry: Matter and Change
29
SOLVING PROBLEMS:
A CHEMISTRY HANDBOOK
CHAPTER
3
13. Aluminum oxide has a composition of 52.9% aluminum and
47.1% oxygen by mass. If 16.4 g of aluminum reacts with oxygen to form aluminum oxide, what mass of oxygen reacts?
Chapter 3 Review
14. How does a pure substance differ from a mixture of substances
such as lemonade?
15. Identify each of the following as an example of a physical property or a chemical property.
a. A piece of silver can be hammered into a cloverleaf shape.
b. A piece of charcoal, which is mostly the substance carbon,
glows red, gives off heat, and becomes a gray ash.
c. Table salt dissolves in water and remains as a crust when the
water evaporates.
d. The Statue of Liberty, once the color of a new penny, turned
to a bluish-green as it formed a thin coating called a patina.
16. Can two different samples of the same substance have different
physical properties? Can they have different chemical properties? Explain your answers to both questions.
17. Write one statement each for a solid, a liquid, and a gas
describing the particle arrangement and spacing in each state.
18. Suppose you measure the mass of an iron nail and find it to be
13.8 g. You place the nail in a moist place for two weeks. When
you retrieve the nail, it is covered with a crusty brown coating
of rust. You then place the nail on a balance to measure its
mass. Will the nail have a mass that is greater than, less than, or
equal to 13.8 g? Explain your answer.
19. Identify each of the following examples as a physical change or
a chemical change.
a. Wood burns in a fireplace.
b. A block of pewter is pounded and made into a bowl.
c. A copper weather vane becomes green in a few years.
d. Baking soda in cookie dough causes the cookies to puff with
bubbles of gas when they are baked.
Solving Problems: A Chemistry Handbook
Chemistry: Matter and Change
29
SOLVING PROBLEMS:
A CHEMISTRY HANDBOOK
CHAPTER
3
13. Aluminum oxide has a composition of 52.9% aluminum and
47.1% oxygen by mass. If 16.4 g of aluminum reacts with oxygen to form aluminum oxide, what mass of oxygen reacts?
Chapter 3 Review
14. How does a pure substance differ from a mixture of substances
such as lemonade?
15. Identify each of the following as an example of a physical property or a chemical property.
a. A piece of silver can be hammered into a cloverleaf shape.
b. A piece of charcoal, which is mostly the substance carbon,
glows red, gives off heat, and becomes a gray ash.
c. Table salt dissolves in water and remains as a crust when the
water evaporates.
d. The Statue of Liberty, once the color of a new penny, turned
to a bluish-green as it formed a thin coating called a patina.
16. Can two different samples of the same substance have different
physical properties? Can they have different chemical properties? Explain your answers to both questions.
17. Write one statement each for a solid, a liquid, and a gas
describing the particle arrangement and spacing in each state.
18. Suppose you measure the mass of an iron nail and find it to be
13.8 g. You place the nail in a moist place for two weeks. When
you retrieve the nail, it is covered with a crusty brown coating
of rust. You then place the nail on a balance to measure its
mass. Will the nail have a mass that is greater than, less than, or
equal to 13.8 g? Explain your answer.
19. Identify each of the following examples as a physical change or
a chemical change.
a. Wood burns in a fireplace.
b. A block of pewter is pounded and made into a bowl.
c. A copper weather vane becomes green in a few years.
d. Baking soda in cookie dough causes the cookies to puff with
bubbles of gas when they are baked.