318
Index
Chromite ore processing residue (COPR), 19
Chromium compounds, 255
CIC, see Carcinogen Identification Committee
Class I designated chemical substances (Japan), 4
Clean Air Act, 230, 231
Cobalt fumes and gases, 255
Command-and-control, 4
Command without control, 229–231
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
(CEC), 51
Community Right-to-Know Act, 1
Compliance assistance, 20, 272
Composition reporting, 236, 238–240
Concentration reporting threshold, 241–254
Cool Cities Program, 283
COPR, see Chromite ore processing residue
Costs and benefits, 275–288
. Air.Toxics.“Hot.Spots”.Act,.286
. California.Air.Resources.Board,.286
. Cool.Cities.Program,.283
. cost.reduction,.57,.193,.222,.282
DDT, 282
direct benefits to businesses, 282–283
environmental impacts, 281–282
estimated chemical usage fees, 278–281
green building development, 283
gross domestic product, 277
hazardous air pollutants, 286
health benefits of successful toxic chemical
usage reduction program, 277–281
human capacity building, 283–284
Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act, 28
. other.benefits,.286–287
. positive.publicity.and.associated.increased.
revenue,.285
. program.costs,.275–277
. reduced.regulatory.burden,.285–286
. Retired.Engineer.Technical.Assistance.
Program,.283
. social.learning,.284
. technology.transfer.and.productivity.
enhancement,.284–285
. toxic.chemical.use.fees,.277
. volatile.organic.compounds,.283
Criteria.pollutant.emissions,.44
d
DART, see Development.and.Reproductive.
Toxicant.(Identification.Committee)
DDT, see Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
DEP, see Department.of.Environmental.Protectio
Department.of.Ecology.(DOE),.176
Department.of.Environmental.Protection.(DEP),
91,.193
Department.of.Natural.Resources.(DNR),.283
8
7
n
.
Development.and.Reproductive.Toxicant.
(Identification.Committee).(DART),.8
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.(DDT),.229,.282
Diffuse.emissions,.47
Dioxin,.16,.19
. bioconcentration.adjustment.factors,.128
. bioconcentration.factor,.128
. Canadian.on-site.releases,.40
. CAS.number,.295,.315
. combined.impact.of.toxicity,.mobility,.
persistence,.and.bioaccumulation,.145
. E-PRTR.reporting.threshold,.50
. estimated.chemical.usage.fees,.279
. mobility.factors,.98
. persistence.factors,.112
. polychlorinated,.47
. potential.chemical.usage.fees.for,.264
. proposed.chemical.usage.concentration.
reporting.thresholds.for,.247
. release.amounts,.31
. toxicity.factors,.77
. TRI.releases.ranked
. . by.toxicity.unit,.165
. . by.volume,.161
DNR, see Department.of.Natural.Resources
DOE, see Department.of.Ecology
E
Effective.toxicity.factors.(ETFs),.3,.65,.137–170
. bioconcentration.adjustment.factor,.138
. combined.impact.of.toxicity,.mobility,.
persistence,.and.bioaccumulation,.
139–152
. effective.toxicity.factor,.138
. toxicity.impact,.138–139
. TRI.release.data.ranked
. . by.total.release.in.pounds.(2007),.168
. . by.toxicity.units.in.doses/capita.(2007),.169
. TRI.releases.ranked
. . by.toxicity.unit.(2007),.164–167
. . by.volume.(2007),.153–163
. yearly.TRI.releases.(pounds).and.toxicity.
units.from.1988.through.2007,.170
ELVS, see End-of-Life.Vehicle.Solutions.
Corporation
Emergency.Planning.and.Community.
Right-to-Know.Act.(EPCRA),.15
Emission.inventory,.Hot.Spots,.287
EMS,.see.Environmental.management.system
End-of-Life.Vehicle.Solutions.Corporation.(ELVS),.
178
Envirofacts,.16
Environmental.Cooperative.Compliance.Program,.
286
Environmental.management.system.(EMS),.198
Index
Chromite ore processing residue (COPR), 19
Chromium compounds, 255
CIC, see Carcinogen Identification Committee
Class I designated chemical substances (Japan), 4
Clean Air Act, 230, 231
Cobalt fumes and gases, 255
Command-and-control, 4
Command without control, 229–231
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
(CEC), 51
Community Right-to-Know Act, 1
Compliance assistance, 20, 272
Composition reporting, 236, 238–240
Concentration reporting threshold, 241–254
Cool Cities Program, 283
COPR, see Chromite ore processing residue
Costs and benefits, 275–288
. Air.Toxics.“Hot.Spots”.Act,.286
. California.Air.Resources.Board,.286
. Cool.Cities.Program,.283
. cost.reduction,.57,.193,.222,.282
DDT, 282
direct benefits to businesses, 282–283
environmental impacts, 281–282
estimated chemical usage fees, 278–281
green building development, 283
gross domestic product, 277
hazardous air pollutants, 286
health benefits of successful toxic chemical
usage reduction program, 277–281
human capacity building, 283–284
Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act, 28
. other.benefits,.286–287
. positive.publicity.and.associated.increased.
revenue,.285
. program.costs,.275–277
. reduced.regulatory.burden,.285–286
. Retired.Engineer.Technical.Assistance.
Program,.283
. social.learning,.284
. technology.transfer.and.productivity.
enhancement,.284–285
. toxic.chemical.use.fees,.277
. volatile.organic.compounds,.283
Criteria.pollutant.emissions,.44
d
DART, see Development.and.Reproductive.
Toxicant.(Identification.Committee)
DDT, see Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
DEP, see Department.of.Environmental.Protectio
Department.of.Ecology.(DOE),.176
Department.of.Environmental.Protection.(DEP),
91,.193
Department.of.Natural.Resources.(DNR),.283
8
7
n
.
Development.and.Reproductive.Toxicant.
(Identification.Committee).(DART),.8
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.(DDT),.229,.282
Diffuse.emissions,.47
Dioxin,.16,.19
. bioconcentration.adjustment.factors,.128
. bioconcentration.factor,.128
. Canadian.on-site.releases,.40
. CAS.number,.295,.315
. combined.impact.of.toxicity,.mobility,.
persistence,.and.bioaccumulation,.145
. E-PRTR.reporting.threshold,.50
. estimated.chemical.usage.fees,.279
. mobility.factors,.98
. persistence.factors,.112
. polychlorinated,.47
. potential.chemical.usage.fees.for,.264
. proposed.chemical.usage.concentration.
reporting.thresholds.for,.247
. release.amounts,.31
. toxicity.factors,.77
. TRI.releases.ranked
. . by.toxicity.unit,.165
. . by.volume,.161
DNR, see Department.of.Natural.Resources
DOE, see Department.of.Ecology
E
Effective.toxicity.factors.(ETFs),.3,.65,.137–170
. bioconcentration.adjustment.factor,.138
. combined.impact.of.toxicity,.mobility,.
persistence,.and.bioaccumulation,.
139–152
. effective.toxicity.factor,.138
. toxicity.impact,.138–139
. TRI.release.data.ranked
. . by.total.release.in.pounds.(2007),.168
. . by.toxicity.units.in.doses/capita.(2007),.169
. TRI.releases.ranked
. . by.toxicity.unit.(2007),.164–167
. . by.volume.(2007),.153–163
. yearly.TRI.releases.(pounds).and.toxicity.
units.from.1988.through.2007,.170
ELVS, see End-of-Life.Vehicle.Solutions.
Corporation
Emergency.Planning.and.Community.
Right-to-Know.Act.(EPCRA),.15
Emission.inventory,.Hot.Spots,.287
EMS,.see.Environmental.management.system
End-of-Life.Vehicle.Solutions.Corporation.(ELVS),.
178
Envirofacts,.16
Environmental.Cooperative.Compliance.Program,.
286
Environmental.management.system.(EMS),.198