TABLE 10.1
Combined Impact of Toxicity, Mobility, Persistence, and Bioaccumulation
(Effective Toxicity Factor, ETF)
139
Developing Effective Toxicity Factors
The quantified chemical-specific ETFs were then applied to the 1988 through
2007 yearly chemical-specific TRI releases (pounds) and the TUs summed by year
to come up with a TU for each individual year from 1988 through 2007, as shown in
Figure 10.3 (along with the total TRI releases in pounds for these same years).
As noted in Chapter 5 and shown on Figure 10.3, after the first TRI reporting
year (1988), the releases of TRI chemicals (pounds) declined steadily through 1996,
despite the addition of 286 new chemicals and the addition of federal facilities in
1994. The 1998 report included seven new industry sectors to the reports, which
caused the reported releases to more than double. Following this expansion, the
release volumes again declined. As far as the total TUs are concerned, although the
total TUs were consistently lower than the total release volumes over the years, the
overall TU trend/curve followed the same pattern as that for total release volumes.
TF (Doses/
ETF (Doses/
Chemical Name
Capita-lb)
MF
PF
BAF
Capita-lb)
(1,1′-Biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine,
6.39E–01
0.01804
5.51E–04
5.51E–04
5.51E–04
1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1—
0.50002
—
—
—
azoniaadamantane chloride
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2—
0.00724
—
—
—
fluoroethane (Hcfc-121a)
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
3.78E–03
0.07942
7.64E–05
7.64E–05
7.64E–05
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
9.04E–08
0.20068
1.21E–09
1.21E–09
1.21E–09
1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,2—
0.50124
—
—
—
dichloroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1—
0.00724
—
—
—
fluoroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
2.94E–02
0.06776
5.52E–05
5.52E–05
5.52E–05
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
8.23E–03
0.11230
2.26E–05
2.26E–05
2.26E–05
1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane
—
0.39382
—
—
—
1,1-Dichloroethane
8.22E–04
0.31005
7.17E–06
7.17E–06
7.17E–06
1,1-Dichloroethylene
2.70E–06
0.46467
4.59E–08
4.59E–08
4.59E–08
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
3.54E–01
0.72727
2.51E–03
2.51E–03
2.51E–03
1,1′-Methylenebis(45.11E–04
0.002
1.02E–06
—
—
isocyanatobenzene)
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
4.06E–01
0.04657
8.71E–04
8.71E–04
8.71E–04
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
2.92E–04
0.01411
4.08E–06
4.08E–06
4.08E–06
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
4.38E–05
0.02221
3.49E–07
3.49E–07
3.49E–07
1,2-Butylene oxide
1.53E–05
0.39474
6.05E–08
6.05E–08
6.05E–08
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1.89E+00
0.03376
7.58E–03
7.58E–03
7.58E–03
(Dbcp)
1,2-Dibromoethane
3.00E–01
0.09237
4.58E–04
4.58E–04
4.58E–04
continued
Combined Impact of Toxicity, Mobility, Persistence, and Bioaccumulation
(Effective Toxicity Factor, ETF)
139
Developing Effective Toxicity Factors
The quantified chemical-specific ETFs were then applied to the 1988 through
2007 yearly chemical-specific TRI releases (pounds) and the TUs summed by year
to come up with a TU for each individual year from 1988 through 2007, as shown in
Figure 10.3 (along with the total TRI releases in pounds for these same years).
As noted in Chapter 5 and shown on Figure 10.3, after the first TRI reporting
year (1988), the releases of TRI chemicals (pounds) declined steadily through 1996,
despite the addition of 286 new chemicals and the addition of federal facilities in
1994. The 1998 report included seven new industry sectors to the reports, which
caused the reported releases to more than double. Following this expansion, the
release volumes again declined. As far as the total TUs are concerned, although the
total TUs were consistently lower than the total release volumes over the years, the
overall TU trend/curve followed the same pattern as that for total release volumes.
TF (Doses/
ETF (Doses/
Chemical Name
Capita-lb)
MF
PF
BAF
Capita-lb)
(1,1′-Biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine,
6.39E–01
0.01804
5.51E–04
5.51E–04
5.51E–04
1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1—
0.50002
—
—
—
azoniaadamantane chloride
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2—
0.00724
—
—
—
fluoroethane (Hcfc-121a)
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
3.78E–03
0.07942
7.64E–05
7.64E–05
7.64E–05
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
9.04E–08
0.20068
1.21E–09
1.21E–09
1.21E–09
1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,2—
0.50124
—
—
—
dichloroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1—
0.00724
—
—
—
fluoroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
2.94E–02
0.06776
5.52E–05
5.52E–05
5.52E–05
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
8.23E–03
0.11230
2.26E–05
2.26E–05
2.26E–05
1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane
—
0.39382
—
—
—
1,1-Dichloroethane
8.22E–04
0.31005
7.17E–06
7.17E–06
7.17E–06
1,1-Dichloroethylene
2.70E–06
0.46467
4.59E–08
4.59E–08
4.59E–08
1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
3.54E–01
0.72727
2.51E–03
2.51E–03
2.51E–03
1,1′-Methylenebis(45.11E–04
0.002
1.02E–06
—
—
isocyanatobenzene)
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
4.06E–01
0.04657
8.71E–04
8.71E–04
8.71E–04
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
2.92E–04
0.01411
4.08E–06
4.08E–06
4.08E–06
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
4.38E–05
0.02221
3.49E–07
3.49E–07
3.49E–07
1,2-Butylene oxide
1.53E–05
0.39474
6.05E–08
6.05E–08
6.05E–08
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1.89E+00
0.03376
7.58E–03
7.58E–03
7.58E–03
(Dbcp)
1,2-Dibromoethane
3.00E–01
0.09237
4.58E–04
4.58E–04
4.58E–04
continued