Devasirvatham V, Gaur PM, Mallikarjuna N, Raju TN, Trethowan RM, Tan DK (2013) Reproductive biology of chickpea response to heat stress in the field is associated with the performance in
controlled environments. Field Crops Res 142:9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.11.011
Dias AS, Lidon FC (2009) Evaluation of grain filling rate and duration in bread and durum wheat,
under heat stress after anthesis. J Agron Crop Sci 195(2):137–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.
1439-037X.2008.00347.x
Dias AS, Bagulho AS, Lidon FC (2008) Ultrastructure and biochemical traits of bread and durum
wheat grains under heat stress. Braz J Plant Physiol 20:323–333. https://doi.org/10.1590/S167704202008000400008
Dias AS, Lidon FC, Ramalho JC (2009) Heat stress in Triticum: kinetics of Ca and Mg accumulation. Braz J Plant Physiol 21:123–134. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202009000200005
Dias AS, Semedo J, Ramalho JC, Lidon FC (2010) Bread and durum wheat under heat stress: a
comparative study on the photosynthetic performance. J Agron Crop Sci 197:50–56
Dupuis I, Dumas C (1990) Influence of temperature stress on in vitro fertilization and heat shock
protein synthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) reproductive tissues. Plant Physiol 94:665–670. https://
doi.org/10.1104/pp.94.2.665
Dwivedi R, Prasad S, Jaiswal B, Kumar A, Tiwari A, Patel S et al (2017) Evaluation of wheat
genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) at grain filling stage for heat tolerance. Int J Pure App Biosci
5:971–975
Edreira JIR, Otegui ME (2012) Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids: differences in
crop growth, biomass partitioning and reserves use. Field Crops Res 130:87–98
Essemine J, Ammar S, Bouzid S (2010) Impact of heat stress on germination and growth in higher
plants: physiological, biochemical and molecular repercussions and mechanisms of defence. J
Biol Sci 10:565–572. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2010.565.572
Fahad S, Hussain S, Bano A et al (2015) Potential role of phytohormones and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria in abiotic stresses: consequences for changing environment. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 22:4907–4921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3754-2
Fahad S, Bajwa AA, Nazir U, Anjum SA, Farooq A, Zohaib A et al (2017) Crop production under
drought and heat stress: plant responses and management options. Front Plant Sci 8:1147.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01147
Fan Y, Tian M, Jing Q, Tian Z, Han H, Jiang D, Cao W, Dai T (2015) Winter night warming
improves pre-anthesis crop growth and post-anthesis photosynthesis involved in grain yield of
winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crops Res 178:100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
fcr.2015.04.001
Farooq M, Aziz T, Basra SMA, Cheema MA, Rehman H (2008) Chilling tolerance in hybrid maize
induced by seed priming with salicylic acid. J Agron Crop Sci 194:161–168. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00300.x
Farooq M, Bramley H, Palta JA, Siddique KHM (2011) Heat stress in wheat during reproductive
and grain-filling phases. Crit Rev Plant Sci 30:491–507
Feng B, Liu P, Li G, Dong ST, Wang FH, Kong LA, Zhang JW (2014) Effect of heat stress on the
photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaves at the grain-filling stage of different heat-resistant
winter wheat varieties. J Agron Crop Sci 200:143–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12045
Fenglu Z, Ming Z, Zhimin W, Shuan WZJ, Jinglum G (1997) Maize kernel development and
release of ethylene by grains. J China Agric Univ 2:85–89
Fernandez GCJ (1992) Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In: Kuo CG
(ed) Proceedings of the international symposium on adaptation of vegetables and other food
crops in temperature and water stress. AVRDC Publication, Shanhua, pp 257–270
Ferris R, Ellis RH, Wheeler TR, Hadley P (1998) Effect of high temperature stress at anthesis on
grain yield and biomass of field grown crops of wheat. Plant Cell Environ 34:67–78
FICCI (2014) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, India maize summit 2014.
http://ficci.in/spdocument/20386/India-Maize-2014_v2.pdf
Fiorani F, Beemster GTS (2006) Quantitative analyses of cell division in plants. Plant Mol Biol
60:963–979
3 Plant Morphological, Physiological Traits Associated with Adaptation Against. . .
71
controlled environments. Field Crops Res 142:9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.11.011
Dias AS, Lidon FC (2009) Evaluation of grain filling rate and duration in bread and durum wheat,
under heat stress after anthesis. J Agron Crop Sci 195(2):137–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.
1439-037X.2008.00347.x
Dias AS, Bagulho AS, Lidon FC (2008) Ultrastructure and biochemical traits of bread and durum
wheat grains under heat stress. Braz J Plant Physiol 20:323–333. https://doi.org/10.1590/S167704202008000400008
Dias AS, Lidon FC, Ramalho JC (2009) Heat stress in Triticum: kinetics of Ca and Mg accumulation. Braz J Plant Physiol 21:123–134. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202009000200005
Dias AS, Semedo J, Ramalho JC, Lidon FC (2010) Bread and durum wheat under heat stress: a
comparative study on the photosynthetic performance. J Agron Crop Sci 197:50–56
Dupuis I, Dumas C (1990) Influence of temperature stress on in vitro fertilization and heat shock
protein synthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) reproductive tissues. Plant Physiol 94:665–670. https://
doi.org/10.1104/pp.94.2.665
Dwivedi R, Prasad S, Jaiswal B, Kumar A, Tiwari A, Patel S et al (2017) Evaluation of wheat
genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) at grain filling stage for heat tolerance. Int J Pure App Biosci
5:971–975
Edreira JIR, Otegui ME (2012) Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids: differences in
crop growth, biomass partitioning and reserves use. Field Crops Res 130:87–98
Essemine J, Ammar S, Bouzid S (2010) Impact of heat stress on germination and growth in higher
plants: physiological, biochemical and molecular repercussions and mechanisms of defence. J
Biol Sci 10:565–572. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2010.565.572
Fahad S, Hussain S, Bano A et al (2015) Potential role of phytohormones and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria in abiotic stresses: consequences for changing environment. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 22:4907–4921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3754-2
Fahad S, Bajwa AA, Nazir U, Anjum SA, Farooq A, Zohaib A et al (2017) Crop production under
drought and heat stress: plant responses and management options. Front Plant Sci 8:1147.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01147
Fan Y, Tian M, Jing Q, Tian Z, Han H, Jiang D, Cao W, Dai T (2015) Winter night warming
improves pre-anthesis crop growth and post-anthesis photosynthesis involved in grain yield of
winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crops Res 178:100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
fcr.2015.04.001
Farooq M, Aziz T, Basra SMA, Cheema MA, Rehman H (2008) Chilling tolerance in hybrid maize
induced by seed priming with salicylic acid. J Agron Crop Sci 194:161–168. https://doi.org/10.
1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00300.x
Farooq M, Bramley H, Palta JA, Siddique KHM (2011) Heat stress in wheat during reproductive
and grain-filling phases. Crit Rev Plant Sci 30:491–507
Feng B, Liu P, Li G, Dong ST, Wang FH, Kong LA, Zhang JW (2014) Effect of heat stress on the
photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaves at the grain-filling stage of different heat-resistant
winter wheat varieties. J Agron Crop Sci 200:143–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12045
Fenglu Z, Ming Z, Zhimin W, Shuan WZJ, Jinglum G (1997) Maize kernel development and
release of ethylene by grains. J China Agric Univ 2:85–89
Fernandez GCJ (1992) Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In: Kuo CG
(ed) Proceedings of the international symposium on adaptation of vegetables and other food
crops in temperature and water stress. AVRDC Publication, Shanhua, pp 257–270
Ferris R, Ellis RH, Wheeler TR, Hadley P (1998) Effect of high temperature stress at anthesis on
grain yield and biomass of field grown crops of wheat. Plant Cell Environ 34:67–78
FICCI (2014) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, India maize summit 2014.
http://ficci.in/spdocument/20386/India-Maize-2014_v2.pdf
Fiorani F, Beemster GTS (2006) Quantitative analyses of cell division in plants. Plant Mol Biol
60:963–979
3 Plant Morphological, Physiological Traits Associated with Adaptation Against. . .
71