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Keywords Biofilms · Antimicrobial resistance · Quorum sensing · Nanomedicine ·
Bacteriophage · Phytocompounds · Exopolysaccharide
Abbreviations
AEW
Acidic Electrolyzed Water
AgNPs
Silver Nanoparticles
AHL
Acyl-Homoserine Lactone
AI-2
Autoinducer-2
AIP
Autoinducing Peptide
CF
Cystic Fibrosis
CSP
Competence Stimulating Peptide
EPS
Exopolysaccharides
HSL
Homo Serien Lactone
MBP
Myelin Basic Protein
MIC
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MSCRAMMs Microbial Surface Components Recognizing Adhesive Matrix
Molecule
OECD
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
PIA
Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesin
PLL
Phosphotriesterase Like Lactonase
QSI
Quorum Sensing Inhibitors
RAP
RNA III - Activating Protein
RIP
RNA III-Inhibiting Peptide
SAAT
Self Associating Autotransporter Proteins
SPION
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
TRAP
Target of RAP
UTI
Urinary Tract Infections
7.1 Introduction
Infectious diseases remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Antibiotic resistance in disease causing pathogens continuously enhances the complexity and severity of the problem. The evolution of antimicrobial resistant strains
is a natural phenomenon that happens when microorganisms are exposed to antimicrobial drugs, and resistant traits can be exchanged between certain types of bacteria (Sharma et al. 2018). Besides human health and lives; there is also an economically
high cost of antibiotic resistance. Already, 700,000 patients die from antimicrobial
resistance worldwide each year (Ghosh et al. 2018). The latest OECD (Organization
B. P. Singh et al.