1
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
H. Panwar et al. (eds.), Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 46, Sustainable
Agriculture Reviews 46, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53024-2_1
Chapter 1
Antimicrobial Resistance Paradigm
and One-Health Approach
Kumar Siddharth Singh, Santosh Anand, Sunny Dholpuria,
Jitendra Kumar Sharma, and Yogesh Shouche
Abstract The deaths caused due to drug-resistant microbes exceed 50,000 per year
worldwide and antimicrobial resistance is now being considered as one of the biggest threat to human health. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance
warrants immediate attention from health professionals and political heads alike.
The complex and multifactorial nature of antimicrobial resistance is not well understood, especially in terms of interplay of humans, animals and the environment. The
lack of reliable information, slow development of new antimicrobials and high incidences of horizontal gene transfer has further worsened the situation.
The issue of antimicrobial resistance demands increased awareness among public and coordinated efforts from health practitioners to regulate usage and consumption pattern of antibiotics. Policies which improve community hygiene, living
conditions and vaccination coverage in population need to be strengthened, to minimize the incidences of infections. The indiscriminate mass-level usage of potent
antibiotics in agriculture need to be regulated and their leakage into the environment
must be checked. Effective surveillance in the environment is also warranted to
understand the ground reality and develop strategies and policies to safeguard public
K. S. Singh (*)
National Centre for Microbial Resource – National Centre for Cell Science,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research,
Braunschweig, Germany
S. Anand
Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Technology Hansdiha,
Dumka, Jharkhand, India
S. Dholpuria
Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
J. K. Sharma
Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Y. Shouche
National Centre for Microbial Resource – National Centre for Cell Science,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
H. Panwar et al. (eds.), Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 46, Sustainable
Agriculture Reviews 46, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53024-2_1
Chapter 1
Antimicrobial Resistance Paradigm
and One-Health Approach
Kumar Siddharth Singh, Santosh Anand, Sunny Dholpuria,
Jitendra Kumar Sharma, and Yogesh Shouche
Abstract The deaths caused due to drug-resistant microbes exceed 50,000 per year
worldwide and antimicrobial resistance is now being considered as one of the biggest threat to human health. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance
warrants immediate attention from health professionals and political heads alike.
The complex and multifactorial nature of antimicrobial resistance is not well understood, especially in terms of interplay of humans, animals and the environment. The
lack of reliable information, slow development of new antimicrobials and high incidences of horizontal gene transfer has further worsened the situation.
The issue of antimicrobial resistance demands increased awareness among public and coordinated efforts from health practitioners to regulate usage and consumption pattern of antibiotics. Policies which improve community hygiene, living
conditions and vaccination coverage in population need to be strengthened, to minimize the incidences of infections. The indiscriminate mass-level usage of potent
antibiotics in agriculture need to be regulated and their leakage into the environment
must be checked. Effective surveillance in the environment is also warranted to
understand the ground reality and develop strategies and policies to safeguard public
K. S. Singh (*)
National Centre for Microbial Resource – National Centre for Cell Science,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research,
Braunschweig, Germany
S. Anand
Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Technology Hansdiha,
Dumka, Jharkhand, India
S. Dholpuria
Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
J. K. Sharma
Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Y. Shouche
National Centre for Microbial Resource – National Centre for Cell Science,
Pune, Maharashtra, India