Glossary of Terms
Absorption: The process of one material (absorbate) being retained by
another (absorbent); this may be the physical solution of a gas, liquid,
or solid in a liquid, or attachment of molecules of a gas, vapor, liquid, or dissolved substance to a solid surface by physical forces, etc.
(Wikipedia)
Adsorption: The adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid,
or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a flm of the
adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from
absorption, in which a fuid is dissolved by or permeates a liquid
or solid, respectively (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/
default.asp).
Aerosols: A suspension of fne solid particles or liquid droplets in air or
another gas. Examples of natural aerosols are fog, mist, dust, forest
exudates, and geyser steam. Examples of anthropogenic aerosols are
particulate air pollutants and smoke. System of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gaseous medium, having a negligible falling
velocity. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/default.asp)
Atmosphere: Mass of air surrounding the earth, composed largely of oxygen
and nitrogen. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/default.
asp)
Azeotrope: If the total vapor pressure of aqueous mixtures deviates positively or negatively from Raoult’s law, azeotropes can be formed at
a particular mixture composition. A mixture of two or more liquids
whose proportions cannot be altered or changed by simple distillation. When an azeotrope is boiled, the vapor has the same proportions of constituents as the unboiled mixture. (Wikipedia)
Biopesticides: Natural chemicals, or mixtures of natural chemicals, or chemicals based upon natural products that can be used to manage pests.
The EPA defnes biopesticides as “certain types of pesticides derived
from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain
minerals.”
Biota: The living component of an ecosystem. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/
environmentgl/default.asp)
Carbamates: A newer class of cholinesterase inhibitors. They act by blocking
nerve impulses and causing hyperactivity and tetanic paralysis of
the insect, and then death. Most are not persistent and do not bioaccumulate in animals or have signifcant environmental impacts.
Exposure: The contact between an agent and the external boundary (exposure surface) of a receptor for a specifc duration. Types of exposure include: aggregate exposure, which is combined exposure of a
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Absorption: The process of one material (absorbate) being retained by
another (absorbent); this may be the physical solution of a gas, liquid,
or solid in a liquid, or attachment of molecules of a gas, vapor, liquid, or dissolved substance to a solid surface by physical forces, etc.
(Wikipedia)
Adsorption: The adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid,
or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a flm of the
adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from
absorption, in which a fuid is dissolved by or permeates a liquid
or solid, respectively (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/
default.asp).
Aerosols: A suspension of fne solid particles or liquid droplets in air or
another gas. Examples of natural aerosols are fog, mist, dust, forest
exudates, and geyser steam. Examples of anthropogenic aerosols are
particulate air pollutants and smoke. System of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gaseous medium, having a negligible falling
velocity. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/default.asp)
Atmosphere: Mass of air surrounding the earth, composed largely of oxygen
and nitrogen. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environmentgl/default.
asp)
Azeotrope: If the total vapor pressure of aqueous mixtures deviates positively or negatively from Raoult’s law, azeotropes can be formed at
a particular mixture composition. A mixture of two or more liquids
whose proportions cannot be altered or changed by simple distillation. When an azeotrope is boiled, the vapor has the same proportions of constituents as the unboiled mixture. (Wikipedia)
Biopesticides: Natural chemicals, or mixtures of natural chemicals, or chemicals based upon natural products that can be used to manage pests.
The EPA defnes biopesticides as “certain types of pesticides derived
from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain
minerals.”
Biota: The living component of an ecosystem. (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/
environmentgl/default.asp)
Carbamates: A newer class of cholinesterase inhibitors. They act by blocking
nerve impulses and causing hyperactivity and tetanic paralysis of
the insect, and then death. Most are not persistent and do not bioaccumulate in animals or have signifcant environmental impacts.
Exposure: The contact between an agent and the external boundary (exposure surface) of a receptor for a specifc duration. Types of exposure include: aggregate exposure, which is combined exposure of a
xxvii