14 Siderophore in Plant Nutritional Management …
325
DS-68 and Enterococcus hirae DS-163 enhanced biofortification of grains with Fe
and yield in four genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in soils with low and
high available Fe content. Endophyte inoculation increases the surface area, volume,
length of roots, and the number of root tips. Such siderophore-producing endophytes
can be recommended as bioinoculants to mitigate iron deficiencies in the soil and
enhance crop productivity (Singh et al. 2020).
14.8 Conclusion
Siderophore-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are microbes
that colonize in the rhizospheric zone of the crop plant and significant increases
the agricultural yield in the stressed soil. Phytosiderophores production acts as a
lifesaving mechanism in the plants by substantiating the function of Fe and Zn, in
Fe and Zn deficiency soil. Pytosiderophores increases 5–10 times mobilization of Fe
and Zn under stress conditions. They chelated Fe
3+ irons and reduce into the Fe
2+
form. Using the biotechnological approaches, tools, and techniques, we can develop
transgenic field crops, which possess phytosiderophores secretion responsible gene,
resulting in the increase of the minerals absorption in nutrient-deficient conditions
and thus increasing the crop yield. In the current scenario, this kind of organic farming
practices with microbial diversity has added significant consideration to enhance the
crop yield. Applications of the organic manures increase soil microbiome, which
directly or indirectly increases soil fertility in the agricultural field, beside this, they
also inhibit iron-dependent soil-borne phytopathogens. Hence siderophores will play
an importation role when applied in the agriculture field, increasing the plant growth
and biomass, enhancing the productivity and crop yield.
References
Adjimani JP, Emery T (1988) Stereochemical aspects of iron transport in Mycelia sterilia EP-76. J
Bacteriol 170:1377–1379
Agarwhal S, Shende ST (1987) Tetrazolium reducing microorganisms inside the root of Brassica
species. Curr Sci 56:187–188
Ahmed E, Holmstrom SJM (2014) Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications.
J Microbial Biotechnol 7:196–208
Ardon O, Nudelman R, Caris C, Libman J, Shanzer A, Chen Y, Hadar Y (1998) Iron uptake in
Ustilago maydis: tracking the iron path. J Bacteriol 180:2021–2026
Beasley FC, Marolda CL, Cheung J, Buac S, Heinrichs DE (2011) Staphylococcus aureustrans
porters Hts, Sir, and Sst capture iron liberated from human transferrin by Staphyloferrin A,
Staphyloferrin B, and catecholamine stress hormones, respectively, and contribute to virulence.
Infect Immun 79:2345–2355
Bellenger JP, Wichard T, Kustka AB, Kraepiel AML (2008) Uptake of molybdenum and vanadium
by a nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium using siderophores. Nat Geosci 1:243–246
325
DS-68 and Enterococcus hirae DS-163 enhanced biofortification of grains with Fe
and yield in four genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in soils with low and
high available Fe content. Endophyte inoculation increases the surface area, volume,
length of roots, and the number of root tips. Such siderophore-producing endophytes
can be recommended as bioinoculants to mitigate iron deficiencies in the soil and
enhance crop productivity (Singh et al. 2020).
14.8 Conclusion
Siderophore-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are microbes
that colonize in the rhizospheric zone of the crop plant and significant increases
the agricultural yield in the stressed soil. Phytosiderophores production acts as a
lifesaving mechanism in the plants by substantiating the function of Fe and Zn, in
Fe and Zn deficiency soil. Pytosiderophores increases 5–10 times mobilization of Fe
and Zn under stress conditions. They chelated Fe
3+ irons and reduce into the Fe
2+
form. Using the biotechnological approaches, tools, and techniques, we can develop
transgenic field crops, which possess phytosiderophores secretion responsible gene,
resulting in the increase of the minerals absorption in nutrient-deficient conditions
and thus increasing the crop yield. In the current scenario, this kind of organic farming
practices with microbial diversity has added significant consideration to enhance the
crop yield. Applications of the organic manures increase soil microbiome, which
directly or indirectly increases soil fertility in the agricultural field, beside this, they
also inhibit iron-dependent soil-borne phytopathogens. Hence siderophores will play
an importation role when applied in the agriculture field, increasing the plant growth
and biomass, enhancing the productivity and crop yield.
References
Adjimani JP, Emery T (1988) Stereochemical aspects of iron transport in Mycelia sterilia EP-76. J
Bacteriol 170:1377–1379
Agarwhal S, Shende ST (1987) Tetrazolium reducing microorganisms inside the root of Brassica
species. Curr Sci 56:187–188
Ahmed E, Holmstrom SJM (2014) Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications.
J Microbial Biotechnol 7:196–208
Ardon O, Nudelman R, Caris C, Libman J, Shanzer A, Chen Y, Hadar Y (1998) Iron uptake in
Ustilago maydis: tracking the iron path. J Bacteriol 180:2021–2026
Beasley FC, Marolda CL, Cheung J, Buac S, Heinrichs DE (2011) Staphylococcus aureustrans
porters Hts, Sir, and Sst capture iron liberated from human transferrin by Staphyloferrin A,
Staphyloferrin B, and catecholamine stress hormones, respectively, and contribute to virulence.
Infect Immun 79:2345–2355
Bellenger JP, Wichard T, Kustka AB, Kraepiel AML (2008) Uptake of molybdenum and vanadium
by a nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium using siderophores. Nat Geosci 1:243–246