220
P. T. Lacava et al.
9.5 Conclusion
The search for interesting natural biological activities has been the basis for the
development of various biotechnological and agricultural applications. The microbial
world, and endophytes, in particular, exhibit vast genetic and metabolic biodiversity
that has not yet been thoroughly explored. According to Azevedo and Quecine (2019),
most studies on endophytes have been carried out using hosts from temperate countries, while data from tropical regions remain scarce. Available literature revealed
that tropical plants host a great diversity of endophytic microorganisms, many of
which are yet to be studied. The Phosphate-solubilizing endophytes are important
not only because they contribute to plant growth but also because of their prospective
commercialization to manufacture bio-fertilizers. An understanding of the ability and
efficiency of microorganisms in solubilizing phosphates can allow the selection of
lines with high potential for using them as biofertilizers. This application of microorganisms can replace or reduce the use of soluble phosphate fertilizers by better using
the existing naturally or after amendments to the soil.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the São Paulo Research Foundation,
FAPESP (Proc. Nos. 2015/10974-8 and 2019/08867-0).
References
Abbasi H, Akhtar A, Sharf R (2015) Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi: a tool for
sustainable agriculture. Am J Plant Nutr Fert Technol 5:40–49
Abhilash PC, Srivastava P, Jamil S, Singh N (2011) Revisited Jatropha curcas as an oil plant of
multiple benefits: critical research needs and prospects for the future. Environ Sci Pollut Res
18:127–131
Abo Nouh FA (2019) Endophytic fungi for sustainable agriculture. Microbial Biosystems 4:31–44
Afzal I, Shinwaria ZK, Sikandarb S, Shahzadc S (2019) Plant beneficial endophytic bacteria:
mechanisms, diversity, host range and genetic determinants. Microbiol Res 221:36–49
Ahemad M, Zaidi A, Khan MS, Oves M (2009) Biological importance of phosphorus and phosphate
solubilizing microbes - An overview. In: Khan MS, Zaidi A (eds) Phosphate solubilising microbes
for crop improvement. Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York, pp 1–14
Andrade FV, Mendonça ES, Alvarez VH, Novais RF (2003) Adição de ácidos orgânicos e húmicos
em latossolos e adsorção de fosfato. R Bras Ci Solo 27:1003–1011
Andrade, LF (2012) Bactérias endofíticas de bananeira prata-anã: fixação de nitrogênio, solubilização de fosfato de cálcio e produção de ácido indol-3- acético. PhD. Thesis, Universidade
Estadual de Montes Claros
Andrade, PHM (2019) Análise da diversidade genética e potencial biotecnológico da comunidade
bacteriana associada a Coffea arabica L. de cultivo convencional e orgânico. PhD. Thesis,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Ahmad F, Ahmad I, Khan MS (2008) Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple
plant growth promoting activities. Microbiol Res 163:173–181
Araújo WL, Lacava PT, Andreote FD, Azevedo JL (2008) Interaction between endophytes and plant
host: Biotechnological aspects. In: Ait Barka E, Clément C (eds) Plant-microbe interactions, vol
1. Research Signpost, Kerala, pp 1–21
P. T. Lacava et al.
9.5 Conclusion
The search for interesting natural biological activities has been the basis for the
development of various biotechnological and agricultural applications. The microbial
world, and endophytes, in particular, exhibit vast genetic and metabolic biodiversity
that has not yet been thoroughly explored. According to Azevedo and Quecine (2019),
most studies on endophytes have been carried out using hosts from temperate countries, while data from tropical regions remain scarce. Available literature revealed
that tropical plants host a great diversity of endophytic microorganisms, many of
which are yet to be studied. The Phosphate-solubilizing endophytes are important
not only because they contribute to plant growth but also because of their prospective
commercialization to manufacture bio-fertilizers. An understanding of the ability and
efficiency of microorganisms in solubilizing phosphates can allow the selection of
lines with high potential for using them as biofertilizers. This application of microorganisms can replace or reduce the use of soluble phosphate fertilizers by better using
the existing naturally or after amendments to the soil.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the São Paulo Research Foundation,
FAPESP (Proc. Nos. 2015/10974-8 and 2019/08867-0).
References
Abbasi H, Akhtar A, Sharf R (2015) Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi: a tool for
sustainable agriculture. Am J Plant Nutr Fert Technol 5:40–49
Abhilash PC, Srivastava P, Jamil S, Singh N (2011) Revisited Jatropha curcas as an oil plant of
multiple benefits: critical research needs and prospects for the future. Environ Sci Pollut Res
18:127–131
Abo Nouh FA (2019) Endophytic fungi for sustainable agriculture. Microbial Biosystems 4:31–44
Afzal I, Shinwaria ZK, Sikandarb S, Shahzadc S (2019) Plant beneficial endophytic bacteria:
mechanisms, diversity, host range and genetic determinants. Microbiol Res 221:36–49
Ahemad M, Zaidi A, Khan MS, Oves M (2009) Biological importance of phosphorus and phosphate
solubilizing microbes - An overview. In: Khan MS, Zaidi A (eds) Phosphate solubilising microbes
for crop improvement. Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York, pp 1–14
Andrade FV, Mendonça ES, Alvarez VH, Novais RF (2003) Adição de ácidos orgânicos e húmicos
em latossolos e adsorção de fosfato. R Bras Ci Solo 27:1003–1011
Andrade, LF (2012) Bactérias endofíticas de bananeira prata-anã: fixação de nitrogênio, solubilização de fosfato de cálcio e produção de ácido indol-3- acético. PhD. Thesis, Universidade
Estadual de Montes Claros
Andrade, PHM (2019) Análise da diversidade genética e potencial biotecnológico da comunidade
bacteriana associada a Coffea arabica L. de cultivo convencional e orgânico. PhD. Thesis,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Ahmad F, Ahmad I, Khan MS (2008) Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple
plant growth promoting activities. Microbiol Res 163:173–181
Araújo WL, Lacava PT, Andreote FD, Azevedo JL (2008) Interaction between endophytes and plant
host: Biotechnological aspects. In: Ait Barka E, Clément C (eds) Plant-microbe interactions, vol
1. Research Signpost, Kerala, pp 1–21