9. Hillier BJ, Christopherson KS, Prehoda KE,
Bredt DS, Lim WA (1999) Unexpected
modes of PDZ domain scaffolding revealed by
structure of nNOS-syntrophin complex. Science 284:812–815
10. Harris BZ, Lim WA (2001) Mechanism and
role of PDZ domains in signaling complex
assembly. J Cell Sci 114:3219–3231
11. Hung AY, Sheng M (2002) PDZ domains:
structural modules for protein complex assembly. J Biol Chem 277:5699–5702
12. Munz M, Hein J, Biggin PC (2012) The role of
flexibility and conformational selection in the
binding promiscuity of PDZ domains. PLoS
Comput Biol 8:e1002749
13. Lenfant N, Polanowska J, Bamps S, Omi S,
Borg JP, Reboul J (2010) A genome-wide
study of PDZ-domain interactions in
C. elegans reveals a high frequency of
non-canonical binding. BMC Genomics
11:671
14. Bhattacharya S, Dai Z, Li J, Baxter S, Callaway
DJ, Cowburn D, Bu Z (2010) A conformational switch in the scaffolding protein
NHERF1 controls autoinhibition and complex
formation. J Biol Chem 285:9981–9994
15. Remaut H, Waksman G (2006) Proteinprotein interaction through beta-strand addition. Trends Biochem Sci 31:436–444
16. James CD, Roberts S (2016) Viral interactions
with PDZ domain-containing proteins-an
oncogenic trait? Pathogens 5:8
17. Javier RT, Rice AP (2011) Emerging theme:
cellular PDZ proteins as common targets of
pathogenic viruses. J Virol 85:11544–11556
18. Kiyono T, Hiraiwa A, Fujita M, Hayashi Y,
Akiyama T, Ishibashi M (1997) Binding of
high-risk human papillomavirus E6 oncoproteins to the human homologue of the Drosophila discs large tumor suppressor protein.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:11612–11616
19. Rousset R, Fabre S, Desbois C, Bantignies F,
Jalinot P (1998) The C-terminus of the
HTLV-1 tax oncoprotein mediates interaction
with the PDZ domain of cellular proteins.
Oncogene 16:643–654
20. Hu B, Li S, Zhang Z, Xie S, Hu Y, Huang X,
Zheng Y (2016) HCV NS4B targets scribble
for proteasome-mediated degradation to facilitate cell transformation. Tumour Biol
37:12387–12396
21. Melik W, Ellencrona K, Wigerius M,
Hedstrom C, Elvang A, Johansson M (2012)
Two PDZ binding motifs within NS5 have
roles in Tick-borne encephalitis virus replication. Virus Res 169:54–62
22. Obenauer JC, Denson J, Mehta PK, Su X,
Mukatira S, Finkelstein DB, Xu X, Wang J,
Ma J, Fan Y, Rakestraw KM, Webster RG,
Hoffmann E, Krauss S, Zheng J, Zhang Z,
Naeve CW (2006) Large-scale sequence analysis of avian influenza isolates. Science
311:1576–1580
23. Jimenez-Guarden ˜o JM, Nieto-Torres JL,
DeDiego ML, Regla-Nava JA, FernandezDelgado R, Castan ˜o-Rodriguez C, Enjuanes
L (2014) The PDZ-binding motif of severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 10:e1004320
24. Handa Y, Durkin CH, Dodding MP, Way M
(2013) Vaccinia virus F11 promotes viral
spread by acting as a PDZ-containing scaffolding protein to bind myosin-9A and inhibit
RhoA signaling. Cell Host Microbe 14:51–62
25. Zihni C, Mills C, Matter K, Balda MS (2016)
Tight junctions: from simple barriers to multifunctional molecular gates. Nat Rev Mol Cell
Biol 17:564–580
26. Javier R, Raska K Jr, Macdonald GJ, Shenk T
(1991) Human adenovirus type 9-induced rat
mammary tumors. J Virol 65:3192–3202
27. Thomas DL, Schaack J, Vogel H, Javier R
(2001) Several E4 region functions influence
mammary tumorigenesis by human adenovirus
type 9. J Virol 75:557–568
28. Javier R, Raska K Jr, Shenk T (1992) Requirement for the adenovirus type 9 E4 region in
production of mammary tumors. Science
257:1267–1271
29. Lee SS, Glaunsinger B, Mantovani F, Banks L,
Javier RT (2000) Multi-PDZ domain protein
MUPP1 is a cellular target for both adenovirus
E4-ORF1 and high-risk papillomavirus type
18 E6 oncoproteins. J Virol 74:9680–9693
30. Glaunsinger BA, Weiss RS, Lee SS, Javier R
(2001) Link of the unique oncogenic properties of adenovirus type 9 E4-ORF1 to a select
interaction with the candidate tumor suppressor protein ZO-2. EMBO J 20:5578–5586
31. Glaunsinger BA, Lee SS, Thomas M, Banks L,
Javier R (2000) Interactions of the
PDZ-protein MAGI-1 with adenovirus
E4-ORF1 and high-risk papillomavirus E6
oncoproteins. Oncogene 19:5270–5280
32. Latorre IJ, Roh MH, Frese KK, Weiss RS,
Margolis B, Javier RT (2005) Viral
oncoprotein-induced mislocalization of select
PDZ proteins disrupts tight junctions and
causes polarity defects in epithelial cells. J Cell
Sci 118:4283–4293
33. Storrs CH, Silverstein SJ (2007) PATJ, a tight
junction-associated PDZ protein, is a novel
PBM-PDZ Interactions and Viral Pathogenesis
233
Bredt DS, Lim WA (1999) Unexpected
modes of PDZ domain scaffolding revealed by
structure of nNOS-syntrophin complex. Science 284:812–815
10. Harris BZ, Lim WA (2001) Mechanism and
role of PDZ domains in signaling complex
assembly. J Cell Sci 114:3219–3231
11. Hung AY, Sheng M (2002) PDZ domains:
structural modules for protein complex assembly. J Biol Chem 277:5699–5702
12. Munz M, Hein J, Biggin PC (2012) The role of
flexibility and conformational selection in the
binding promiscuity of PDZ domains. PLoS
Comput Biol 8:e1002749
13. Lenfant N, Polanowska J, Bamps S, Omi S,
Borg JP, Reboul J (2010) A genome-wide
study of PDZ-domain interactions in
C. elegans reveals a high frequency of
non-canonical binding. BMC Genomics
11:671
14. Bhattacharya S, Dai Z, Li J, Baxter S, Callaway
DJ, Cowburn D, Bu Z (2010) A conformational switch in the scaffolding protein
NHERF1 controls autoinhibition and complex
formation. J Biol Chem 285:9981–9994
15. Remaut H, Waksman G (2006) Proteinprotein interaction through beta-strand addition. Trends Biochem Sci 31:436–444
16. James CD, Roberts S (2016) Viral interactions
with PDZ domain-containing proteins-an
oncogenic trait? Pathogens 5:8
17. Javier RT, Rice AP (2011) Emerging theme:
cellular PDZ proteins as common targets of
pathogenic viruses. J Virol 85:11544–11556
18. Kiyono T, Hiraiwa A, Fujita M, Hayashi Y,
Akiyama T, Ishibashi M (1997) Binding of
high-risk human papillomavirus E6 oncoproteins to the human homologue of the Drosophila discs large tumor suppressor protein.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:11612–11616
19. Rousset R, Fabre S, Desbois C, Bantignies F,
Jalinot P (1998) The C-terminus of the
HTLV-1 tax oncoprotein mediates interaction
with the PDZ domain of cellular proteins.
Oncogene 16:643–654
20. Hu B, Li S, Zhang Z, Xie S, Hu Y, Huang X,
Zheng Y (2016) HCV NS4B targets scribble
for proteasome-mediated degradation to facilitate cell transformation. Tumour Biol
37:12387–12396
21. Melik W, Ellencrona K, Wigerius M,
Hedstrom C, Elvang A, Johansson M (2012)
Two PDZ binding motifs within NS5 have
roles in Tick-borne encephalitis virus replication. Virus Res 169:54–62
22. Obenauer JC, Denson J, Mehta PK, Su X,
Mukatira S, Finkelstein DB, Xu X, Wang J,
Ma J, Fan Y, Rakestraw KM, Webster RG,
Hoffmann E, Krauss S, Zheng J, Zhang Z,
Naeve CW (2006) Large-scale sequence analysis of avian influenza isolates. Science
311:1576–1580
23. Jimenez-Guarden ˜o JM, Nieto-Torres JL,
DeDiego ML, Regla-Nava JA, FernandezDelgado R, Castan ˜o-Rodriguez C, Enjuanes
L (2014) The PDZ-binding motif of severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 10:e1004320
24. Handa Y, Durkin CH, Dodding MP, Way M
(2013) Vaccinia virus F11 promotes viral
spread by acting as a PDZ-containing scaffolding protein to bind myosin-9A and inhibit
RhoA signaling. Cell Host Microbe 14:51–62
25. Zihni C, Mills C, Matter K, Balda MS (2016)
Tight junctions: from simple barriers to multifunctional molecular gates. Nat Rev Mol Cell
Biol 17:564–580
26. Javier R, Raska K Jr, Macdonald GJ, Shenk T
(1991) Human adenovirus type 9-induced rat
mammary tumors. J Virol 65:3192–3202
27. Thomas DL, Schaack J, Vogel H, Javier R
(2001) Several E4 region functions influence
mammary tumorigenesis by human adenovirus
type 9. J Virol 75:557–568
28. Javier R, Raska K Jr, Shenk T (1992) Requirement for the adenovirus type 9 E4 region in
production of mammary tumors. Science
257:1267–1271
29. Lee SS, Glaunsinger B, Mantovani F, Banks L,
Javier RT (2000) Multi-PDZ domain protein
MUPP1 is a cellular target for both adenovirus
E4-ORF1 and high-risk papillomavirus type
18 E6 oncoproteins. J Virol 74:9680–9693
30. Glaunsinger BA, Weiss RS, Lee SS, Javier R
(2001) Link of the unique oncogenic properties of adenovirus type 9 E4-ORF1 to a select
interaction with the candidate tumor suppressor protein ZO-2. EMBO J 20:5578–5586
31. Glaunsinger BA, Lee SS, Thomas M, Banks L,
Javier R (2000) Interactions of the
PDZ-protein MAGI-1 with adenovirus
E4-ORF1 and high-risk papillomavirus E6
oncoproteins. Oncogene 19:5270–5280
32. Latorre IJ, Roh MH, Frese KK, Weiss RS,
Margolis B, Javier RT (2005) Viral
oncoprotein-induced mislocalization of select
PDZ proteins disrupts tight junctions and
causes polarity defects in epithelial cells. J Cell
Sci 118:4283–4293
33. Storrs CH, Silverstein SJ (2007) PATJ, a tight
junction-associated PDZ protein, is a novel
PBM-PDZ Interactions and Viral Pathogenesis
233