203 amino acid “covalent dimer” HIV-1 protease enzyme molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed
46:1667–1670
15. Durek T, Becker CF (2005) Protein semisynthesis: new proteins for functional and
structural studies. J Biomed Eng 22:153–172
16. Blanco-Canosa JB, Nardone B, Albericio F,
Dawson PE (2015) Chemical protein synthesis
using a second-generation N-acylurea linker
for the preparation of peptide-thioester precursors. J Am Chem Soc 13:7197–7209
17. Huang YC, Chen CC, Li SJ, Gao S, Shi J, Li
YM (2014) Facile synthesis of C-terminal peptide hydrazide and thioester of NY-ESO-1
(A39-A68) from an Fmoc-hydrazine 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin. Tetrahedron Lett
70:2951–2955
18. Muir TW, Sondhi D, Cole PA (1998)
Expressed protein ligation: a general method
for protein engineering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A 95:6705–6710
19. Haase C, Rohde H, Seitz O (2008) Native
chemical ligation at valine. Angew Chem Int
Ed 47:6807–6810
20. Sato K, Kitakaze K, Nakamura T, Naruse N,
Aihara K, Shigenaga A, Otaka A (2015) The
total chemical synthesis of the monoglycosylated GM2 ganglioside activator using a novel
cysteine
surrogate.
Chem
Commun
51:9946–9948
21. Harpaz Z, Siman P, Kumar KA, Brik A (2010)
Protein synthesis assisted by native chemical
ligation
at
leucine.
Chembiochem
11:1232–1235
22. Han J, Luby-Phelps K, Das B, Shu X, Xia Y,
Mosteller RD, Broek D (1998) Role of substrates and products of PI 3-kinase in regulating activation of Rac-related guanosine
triphosphatases by Vav. Science 279:558–560
23. Wan Q, Danishefsky SJ (2007) Free-radicalbased, specific desulfurization of cysteine: a
powerful advance in the synthesis of
polypeptides and glycopolypeptides. Angew
Chem Int Ed 46:9248–9252
24. Pedersen SW, Moran GE, Sereikaite ˙ V, Haugaard-Kedstro ¨m LM, Strømgaard K (2016)
Importance of a conserved Lys/Arg residue
for ligand/PDZ domain interactions as examined by protein semisynthesis. Chembiochem
17:1936–1944
25. Eildal JN, Hultqvist G, Balle T, Stuhr-HansenN, Padrah S, Gianni S, Jemth P (2013) Probing
the role of backbone hydrogen bonds in protein–peptide interactions by amide-to-ester
mutations. J Am Chem Soc 135:12998–13007
26. Pedersen SW, Albertsen L, Moran GE,
Levesque B, Pedersen SB, Bartels L, Strømgaard K (2017) Site-specific phosphorylation
of PSD-95 PDZ domains reveals fine-tuned
regulation of protein-protein interactions.
ACS Chem Biol 12:2313–2323
27. Haj-Yahya M, Lashuel HA (2018) Protein
semisynthesis provides access to tau diseaseassociated post-translational modifications
(PTMs) and paves the way to deciphering the
tau PTM code in health and diseased states. J
Am Chem Soc 140:6611–6621
28. Chin JW, Cropp TA, Anderson JC,
Mukherji M, Zhang Z, Schultz PG (2003) An
expanded eukaryotic genetic code. Science
301:964–967
29. Eissler S, Kley M, B€ achle D, Loidl G, Meier T,
Samson D (2017) Substitution determination
of Fmoc-substituted resins at different wavelengths. J Pept Sci 23:757–762
30. Applied Biosystems (1998) Cleavage, deprotection, and isolation of peptides after Fmoc
synthesis. Tech Bull 1–12
31. Schno ¨lzer M, Alewood P, Jones A, Alewood D,
Kent SB (2007) In situ neutralization in
Boc-chemistry solid-phase peptide synthesis.
Int J Pept Res Ther 13:31–44
32. Jensen KJ (2013) Solid-phase peptide synthesis: an introduction. Peptide synthesis and
applications. Methods Mol Biol 1047:1–21
216
Christin Kossmann et al.
46:1667–1670
15. Durek T, Becker CF (2005) Protein semisynthesis: new proteins for functional and
structural studies. J Biomed Eng 22:153–172
16. Blanco-Canosa JB, Nardone B, Albericio F,
Dawson PE (2015) Chemical protein synthesis
using a second-generation N-acylurea linker
for the preparation of peptide-thioester precursors. J Am Chem Soc 13:7197–7209
17. Huang YC, Chen CC, Li SJ, Gao S, Shi J, Li
YM (2014) Facile synthesis of C-terminal peptide hydrazide and thioester of NY-ESO-1
(A39-A68) from an Fmoc-hydrazine 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin. Tetrahedron Lett
70:2951–2955
18. Muir TW, Sondhi D, Cole PA (1998)
Expressed protein ligation: a general method
for protein engineering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A 95:6705–6710
19. Haase C, Rohde H, Seitz O (2008) Native
chemical ligation at valine. Angew Chem Int
Ed 47:6807–6810
20. Sato K, Kitakaze K, Nakamura T, Naruse N,
Aihara K, Shigenaga A, Otaka A (2015) The
total chemical synthesis of the monoglycosylated GM2 ganglioside activator using a novel
cysteine
surrogate.
Chem
Commun
51:9946–9948
21. Harpaz Z, Siman P, Kumar KA, Brik A (2010)
Protein synthesis assisted by native chemical
ligation
at
leucine.
Chembiochem
11:1232–1235
22. Han J, Luby-Phelps K, Das B, Shu X, Xia Y,
Mosteller RD, Broek D (1998) Role of substrates and products of PI 3-kinase in regulating activation of Rac-related guanosine
triphosphatases by Vav. Science 279:558–560
23. Wan Q, Danishefsky SJ (2007) Free-radicalbased, specific desulfurization of cysteine: a
powerful advance in the synthesis of
polypeptides and glycopolypeptides. Angew
Chem Int Ed 46:9248–9252
24. Pedersen SW, Moran GE, Sereikaite ˙ V, Haugaard-Kedstro ¨m LM, Strømgaard K (2016)
Importance of a conserved Lys/Arg residue
for ligand/PDZ domain interactions as examined by protein semisynthesis. Chembiochem
17:1936–1944
25. Eildal JN, Hultqvist G, Balle T, Stuhr-HansenN, Padrah S, Gianni S, Jemth P (2013) Probing
the role of backbone hydrogen bonds in protein–peptide interactions by amide-to-ester
mutations. J Am Chem Soc 135:12998–13007
26. Pedersen SW, Albertsen L, Moran GE,
Levesque B, Pedersen SB, Bartels L, Strømgaard K (2017) Site-specific phosphorylation
of PSD-95 PDZ domains reveals fine-tuned
regulation of protein-protein interactions.
ACS Chem Biol 12:2313–2323
27. Haj-Yahya M, Lashuel HA (2018) Protein
semisynthesis provides access to tau diseaseassociated post-translational modifications
(PTMs) and paves the way to deciphering the
tau PTM code in health and diseased states. J
Am Chem Soc 140:6611–6621
28. Chin JW, Cropp TA, Anderson JC,
Mukherji M, Zhang Z, Schultz PG (2003) An
expanded eukaryotic genetic code. Science
301:964–967
29. Eissler S, Kley M, B€ achle D, Loidl G, Meier T,
Samson D (2017) Substitution determination
of Fmoc-substituted resins at different wavelengths. J Pept Sci 23:757–762
30. Applied Biosystems (1998) Cleavage, deprotection, and isolation of peptides after Fmoc
synthesis. Tech Bull 1–12
31. Schno ¨lzer M, Alewood P, Jones A, Alewood D,
Kent SB (2007) In situ neutralization in
Boc-chemistry solid-phase peptide synthesis.
Int J Pept Res Ther 13:31–44
32. Jensen KJ (2013) Solid-phase peptide synthesis: an introduction. Peptide synthesis and
applications. Methods Mol Biol 1047:1–21
216
Christin Kossmann et al.