6. Cook GM, Berney M, Gebhard S,
Heinemann M, Cox RA, Danilchanka O, Niederweis M (2009) Physiology of mycobacteria.
Adv Microb Physiol 55:81–319
7. Chosewood LC, Wilson DE, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), National
Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2009) Biosafety in
microbiological and biomedical laboratories.
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, National Institutes
of Health, Washington, DC
8. Whittier S, Olivier K, Gilligan P, Knowles M,
Della-Latta P (1997) Proficiency testing of
clinical microbiology laboratories using modified decontamination procedures for detection
of nontuberculous mycobacteria in sputum
samples from cystic fibrosis patients. The nontuberculous mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis
Study Group. J Clin Microbiol 35:2706–2708
9. Riojas MA, McGough KJ, Rider-Riojas CJ,
Rastogi N, Hazbon MH (2018) Phylogenomic
analysis of the species of the Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex demonstrates that Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium bovis,
Mycobacterium caprae, Mycobacterium microti
and Mycobacterium pinnipedii are later heterotypic synonyms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 68:324–332
10. Han XY, Seo YH, Sizer KC, Schoberle T, May
GS, Spencer JS, Li W, Nair RG (2008) A new
Mycobacterium species causing diffuse lepromatous leprosy. Am J Clin Pathol
130:856–864
11. Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA,
Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F, Holland
SM, Horsburgh R, Huitt G, Iademarco MF,
Iseman M, Olivier K, Ruoss S, von Reyn CF,
Wallace RJ Jr, Winthrop K, Subcommittee
ATSMD, American Thoracic S, Infectious Disease Society of A (2007) An official ATS/IDSA
statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175:367–416
12. Brown-Elliott BA, Wallace RJ Jr (2002) Clinical and taxonomic status of pathogenic nonpigmented
or
late-pigmenting
rapidly
growing mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev
15:716–746
13. Brown-Elliott BA, Philley JV (2017) Rapidly
growing mycobacteria. Microbiol Spectr 5
14. Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, Cambau E,
Wallace RJ Jr, Andrejak C, Bottger EC,
Brozek J, Griffith DE, Guglielmetti L, Huitt
GA, Knight SL, Leitman P, Marras TK, Olivier
KN, Santin M, Stout JE, Tortoli E, van Ingen J,
Wagner D, Winthrop KL (2020) Treatment of
nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary
disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/
IDSA clinical practice guideline. Eur Respir J
56:2000535
15. Forbes BA, Hall GS, Miller MB, Novak SM,
Rowlinson MC, Salfinger M, Somoskovi A,
Warshauer DM, Wilson ML (2018) Practice
guidelines for clinical microbiology laboratories: mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 31:
e00038-17
16. Stinson KW, Eisenach K, Kayes S,
Matsumoto M, Siddiqi S, Nakashima S,
Hashizume H, Timm J, Morrissey A,
Mendoza M, Mathai P (eds) (2014) Mycobacteriology laboratory manual. Stop TB Partnership, Switzerland
17. Bange FC, Bottger EC (2002) Improved
decontamination method for recovering mycobacteria from patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur J
Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 21:546–548
18. Buijtels PC, Petit PL (2005) Comparison of
NaOH-N-acetyl cysteine and sulfuric acid
decontamination methods for recovery of
mycobacteria from clinical specimens. J Microbiol Methods 62:83–88
19. Carroll KC, Pfaller MA, Landry ML, McAdam
AJ, Patel R, Richter SS, Warnock DW (2019)
Manual of clinical microbiology. ASM Press,
Washington, DC
20. Ferroni A, Vu-Thien H, Lanotte P, Le
Bourgeois M, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Fauroux B,
Marchand S, Varaigne F, Berche P, Gaillard JL,
Offredo C (2006) Value of the chlorhexidine
decontamination method for recovery of nontuberculous mycobacteria from sputum samples of patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin
Microbiol 44:2237–2239
21. Floto RA, Olivier KN, Saiman L, Daley CL,
Herrmann JL, Nick JA, Noone PG, Bilton D,
Corris P, Gibson RL, Hempstead SE, Koetz K,
Sabadosa KA, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Smyth AR,
van Ingen J, Wallace RJ, Winthrop KL, Marshall BC, Haworth CS, Foundation USCF,
European Cystic Fibrosis S (2016) US Cystic
Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic
Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations
for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 71(Suppl 1):i1–i22
22. Whittier S, Hopfer RL, Knowles MR, Gilligan
PH (1993) Improved recovery of mycobacteria
from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin Microbiol 31:861–864
23. Brown-Elliott BA, Griffith DE, Wallace RJ Jr
(2002) Diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Clin Lab Med 22:911–925. vi
24. Steingart KR, Ng V, Henry M, Hopewell PC,
Ramsay A, Cunningham J, Urbanczik R,
Culturing Mycobacteria
57
Heinemann M, Cox RA, Danilchanka O, Niederweis M (2009) Physiology of mycobacteria.
Adv Microb Physiol 55:81–319
7. Chosewood LC, Wilson DE, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), National
Institutes of Health (U.S.) (2009) Biosafety in
microbiological and biomedical laboratories.
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, National Institutes
of Health, Washington, DC
8. Whittier S, Olivier K, Gilligan P, Knowles M,
Della-Latta P (1997) Proficiency testing of
clinical microbiology laboratories using modified decontamination procedures for detection
of nontuberculous mycobacteria in sputum
samples from cystic fibrosis patients. The nontuberculous mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis
Study Group. J Clin Microbiol 35:2706–2708
9. Riojas MA, McGough KJ, Rider-Riojas CJ,
Rastogi N, Hazbon MH (2018) Phylogenomic
analysis of the species of the Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex demonstrates that Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium bovis,
Mycobacterium caprae, Mycobacterium microti
and Mycobacterium pinnipedii are later heterotypic synonyms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 68:324–332
10. Han XY, Seo YH, Sizer KC, Schoberle T, May
GS, Spencer JS, Li W, Nair RG (2008) A new
Mycobacterium species causing diffuse lepromatous leprosy. Am J Clin Pathol
130:856–864
11. Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA,
Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F, Holland
SM, Horsburgh R, Huitt G, Iademarco MF,
Iseman M, Olivier K, Ruoss S, von Reyn CF,
Wallace RJ Jr, Winthrop K, Subcommittee
ATSMD, American Thoracic S, Infectious Disease Society of A (2007) An official ATS/IDSA
statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175:367–416
12. Brown-Elliott BA, Wallace RJ Jr (2002) Clinical and taxonomic status of pathogenic nonpigmented
or
late-pigmenting
rapidly
growing mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev
15:716–746
13. Brown-Elliott BA, Philley JV (2017) Rapidly
growing mycobacteria. Microbiol Spectr 5
14. Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, Cambau E,
Wallace RJ Jr, Andrejak C, Bottger EC,
Brozek J, Griffith DE, Guglielmetti L, Huitt
GA, Knight SL, Leitman P, Marras TK, Olivier
KN, Santin M, Stout JE, Tortoli E, van Ingen J,
Wagner D, Winthrop KL (2020) Treatment of
nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary
disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/
IDSA clinical practice guideline. Eur Respir J
56:2000535
15. Forbes BA, Hall GS, Miller MB, Novak SM,
Rowlinson MC, Salfinger M, Somoskovi A,
Warshauer DM, Wilson ML (2018) Practice
guidelines for clinical microbiology laboratories: mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 31:
e00038-17
16. Stinson KW, Eisenach K, Kayes S,
Matsumoto M, Siddiqi S, Nakashima S,
Hashizume H, Timm J, Morrissey A,
Mendoza M, Mathai P (eds) (2014) Mycobacteriology laboratory manual. Stop TB Partnership, Switzerland
17. Bange FC, Bottger EC (2002) Improved
decontamination method for recovering mycobacteria from patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur J
Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 21:546–548
18. Buijtels PC, Petit PL (2005) Comparison of
NaOH-N-acetyl cysteine and sulfuric acid
decontamination methods for recovery of
mycobacteria from clinical specimens. J Microbiol Methods 62:83–88
19. Carroll KC, Pfaller MA, Landry ML, McAdam
AJ, Patel R, Richter SS, Warnock DW (2019)
Manual of clinical microbiology. ASM Press,
Washington, DC
20. Ferroni A, Vu-Thien H, Lanotte P, Le
Bourgeois M, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Fauroux B,
Marchand S, Varaigne F, Berche P, Gaillard JL,
Offredo C (2006) Value of the chlorhexidine
decontamination method for recovery of nontuberculous mycobacteria from sputum samples of patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin
Microbiol 44:2237–2239
21. Floto RA, Olivier KN, Saiman L, Daley CL,
Herrmann JL, Nick JA, Noone PG, Bilton D,
Corris P, Gibson RL, Hempstead SE, Koetz K,
Sabadosa KA, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Smyth AR,
van Ingen J, Wallace RJ, Winthrop KL, Marshall BC, Haworth CS, Foundation USCF,
European Cystic Fibrosis S (2016) US Cystic
Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic
Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations
for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 71(Suppl 1):i1–i22
22. Whittier S, Hopfer RL, Knowles MR, Gilligan
PH (1993) Improved recovery of mycobacteria
from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis. J Clin Microbiol 31:861–864
23. Brown-Elliott BA, Griffith DE, Wallace RJ Jr
(2002) Diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Clin Lab Med 22:911–925. vi
24. Steingart KR, Ng V, Henry M, Hopewell PC,
Ramsay A, Cunningham J, Urbanczik R,
Culturing Mycobacteria
57