52
Phytotechnology with Biomass Production
TABLE 3.2
Concentrations of Chlorinated Pesticides in the Aged Soil
Chlorinated Pesticides MPC KZ, a (µg kg −1 ) MPC EU, b (µg kg −1 ) Concentration (µg kg −1 )
2,4’-DDD
100
10.0
14,072.0 ± 5,239.0
4,4’-DDD
100
10.0
11,434.0 ± 7,302.0
4,4’-DDE
100
10.0
777.9 ± 292.0
4,4’-DDT
100
10.0
10,023.0 ± 2,471
Aldrin
2.5
7.0
230.2 ± 59.1
Chlordane
100
4.3
48.1 ± 27.6
Chlorobenzilate
20
-
32,061.0 ± 12,669.0
Dibutyl chlorendate
-
-
2134.6 ± 477.6
Dieldrin
0.5
7.0
132.9 ± 51.1
Endosulfan α
100
0.003
5.5 ± 0.0
Endosulfan β
100
0.003
253.1 ± 163.1
Endosulfan sulfate
-
-
118.7 ± 76.5
Endrin
1
2.9
44,085.0 ± 17,335.0
Endrin aldehyde
-
2.9
1087.0 ± 198.0
HCB
500
50.0
4.7 ± 1.9
Heptachlor
50
0.7
214.7 ± 0.0
Heptachlorepoxide
50
0.052
3029.0 ± 1192.0
Hexabromobenzene
30
28.0
201.4 ± 129.9
Keltan (Dicofol)
100
-
34.4 ± 0.0
Methoxychlor
1600
900.0
435.6 ± 281.1
α-HCH
100
220.0
89.2 ± 0.0
β-HCH
100
92.0
25.5 ± 16.4
γ-HCH
100
0.01
488.0 ± 152.0
δ-HCH
100
-
67.4 ± 13.7
Source: Modified from Mamirova et al. (2020).
a Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) values for the Republic of Kazakhstan (MHRK &
MEPRK, 2004).
b MPC values as for EU (Crommentuijn et al., 2000; Van de Plassche, 1994).
In conclusion, Miscanthus is likely to tolerate at least moderate levels of
organic contaminants, unless they are specific plant growth regulators, or
membrane disruptors. Whether it is able to metabolize particular organic
compounds can only be determined confidently with plants of that genus.
There are suggestions that different species or biovars and cultivars (CVs)
may vary in capacity within a genus, in general, but there is little clear evidence with Miscanthus. The work of Mamirova et al. (2020) indicates there
may be differences for some DDT metabolites. There will no doubt be other
examples.
Phytotechnology with Biomass Production
TABLE 3.2
Concentrations of Chlorinated Pesticides in the Aged Soil
Chlorinated Pesticides MPC KZ, a (µg kg −1 ) MPC EU, b (µg kg −1 ) Concentration (µg kg −1 )
2,4’-DDD
100
10.0
14,072.0 ± 5,239.0
4,4’-DDD
100
10.0
11,434.0 ± 7,302.0
4,4’-DDE
100
10.0
777.9 ± 292.0
4,4’-DDT
100
10.0
10,023.0 ± 2,471
Aldrin
2.5
7.0
230.2 ± 59.1
Chlordane
100
4.3
48.1 ± 27.6
Chlorobenzilate
20
-
32,061.0 ± 12,669.0
Dibutyl chlorendate
-
-
2134.6 ± 477.6
Dieldrin
0.5
7.0
132.9 ± 51.1
Endosulfan α
100
0.003
5.5 ± 0.0
Endosulfan β
100
0.003
253.1 ± 163.1
Endosulfan sulfate
-
-
118.7 ± 76.5
Endrin
1
2.9
44,085.0 ± 17,335.0
Endrin aldehyde
-
2.9
1087.0 ± 198.0
HCB
500
50.0
4.7 ± 1.9
Heptachlor
50
0.7
214.7 ± 0.0
Heptachlorepoxide
50
0.052
3029.0 ± 1192.0
Hexabromobenzene
30
28.0
201.4 ± 129.9
Keltan (Dicofol)
100
-
34.4 ± 0.0
Methoxychlor
1600
900.0
435.6 ± 281.1
α-HCH
100
220.0
89.2 ± 0.0
β-HCH
100
92.0
25.5 ± 16.4
γ-HCH
100
0.01
488.0 ± 152.0
δ-HCH
100
-
67.4 ± 13.7
Source: Modified from Mamirova et al. (2020).
a Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) values for the Republic of Kazakhstan (MHRK &
MEPRK, 2004).
b MPC values as for EU (Crommentuijn et al., 2000; Van de Plassche, 1994).
In conclusion, Miscanthus is likely to tolerate at least moderate levels of
organic contaminants, unless they are specific plant growth regulators, or
membrane disruptors. Whether it is able to metabolize particular organic
compounds can only be determined confidently with plants of that genus.
There are suggestions that different species or biovars and cultivars (CVs)
may vary in capacity within a genus, in general, but there is little clear evidence with Miscanthus. The work of Mamirova et al. (2020) indicates there
may be differences for some DDT metabolites. There will no doubt be other
examples.