16
Phytotechnology with Biomass Production
TABLE 2.4
Phytoremediation Potential of Pennisetum purpureum Schum. to Different Trace
Elements
Trace Element
Phytoremediation Potential
References
Cd
Rhizofiltration
Phytoextraction
Accumulator
Cr
Excluder
Accumulator in humid
conditions
Cu
Excluder
Pb
Excluder
Accumulator
Zn
Excluder
Lotfy et al. (2012)

Abdel-Salam (2012); Zhang et al. (2010)

Ogunkunle et al. (2014)

Lotfy & Mostafa (2014)

Ogunkunle et al. (2014)

Ogunkunle et al. (2014); Yang et al. (2010)

Xia (2004); Yang et al. (2010)

Ogunkunle et al. (2014)

Ogunkunle et al. (2014); Zhang et al. (2010)

FIGURE 2.5
Sida hermaphrodita a perennial dicot used for forage, or biomass production. With two harvests
per year it can serve for biogas production with a total annual harvest exceeding 26 Mg/ha.
This photo, courtesy of Professor Marek Bury, ZUT, Szczecin, Poland, shows regrowth after a
first harvest, alongside the crop maturing with flowers.
(even without snow at temperatures below −20°C) and dry conditions if the
average annual precipitation ranges between 400 and 500 mm. Height in full
maturity varies from 1 to 4 m, commonly reaches about 3 m (Borkowska &
Molas, 2012). Its life span is about 25 years (Kasprzyk et al., 2013), the annual
yield ranges from 15 to 20 t of dry matter ha −1 when cultivated in clay loam soils
(Borkowska, 2007). In case of unfavorable conditions, the cultivation is often provided with the addition of sewage sludge; in this condition yield ranges from