Figure 9.4
 
188
Bacterial Cellulose
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f )
Figure 9.4
(See color insert.).Principle.of.cartilage.repair.by.use.of.a.bioactive.implant..Schematic.representation.of.a.chondral.defect.in.the.joint.cartilage.(a)..After.removing.the.damaged.areas,.the.
cartilage.defect.is.filled.with.the.preformed.BNC.implant..(b,c).Cartilage.and.cartilage.precursor.
cells.migrate.into.this.implant.(d,e)..The.result.of.a.complete.colonization.of.the.BNC.inlay.is.
(f)  a  regenerated.cartilage.layer.
collagen.of.type II.in.the.BNC.network.was.obtained.in.both.nonstimulated.
and. transforming. growth. factor. β1. (TGF-β1)-stimulated. samples.. In. addition,.chondrocytes.migrated.out.of.the.cartilage.and.adhered.to.the.surface.
of.the.BNC.implant.
These. results. underline. the. principal. biocompatibility. and. suitability. of.
cell-free.BNC.implants.for.in.situ.cartilage.regeneration.and.call.for.in.vivo.
proof-of-concept.studies.in.large.animals..Preliminary.results.from.animal.
experimental.studies.(sheep).can.be.seen.in.Figure 9.5.