Figure 7.1
146
Bacterial Cellulose
Preparation of ingredients
Extraction of coconut milk or coconut
water
Mixing of all ingredients (water, sugar,
(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , coconut water)
Pouring the mixture into a sterile
plastic tray (2–4 cm depth) and
allowing the mixture to cool in the tray
Boiling the prepared mixture
Adding starter of Acetobacter xylinum
and covering the tray with clean paper
Incubating for 7–14 days at 23–32˚C
(depending on room temperature)
Separating the nata from spent liquor
and scraping thin bacterial films off the
nata surface
Storage by immersing the nata sheet in
water
Figure 7.1
Diagram.for.the.primary.production.process.of.nata.de.coco.
Apart. from. coconut. water,. some. tropical. countries. use. pineapple. juice,.
a. by-product. from. agroindustries. as. commercial. raw. materials. in. BNC.
production.. In. Indonesia,. the. nata. processing. industry. previously. used.
pineapple.extract.as.its.raw.material,.and.the.product.was.called.nata.de.
pina..However,.because.pineapples.are.seasonal.fruits,.nata.de.pina.cannot.
be. produced. throughout. the. year.. It. has. also. been. reported. that. . coconut.
juice.is.a.better.substrate.for.the.growth.of.Acetobacter.bacteria.than.pineapple.juice.(Kongruang.2008)..Several.other.fruit.juices,.including.orange,.
apple,. Japanese. pear,. and. grape,. have. also. been. used. to. produce. BNC.
146
Bacterial Cellulose
Preparation of ingredients
Extraction of coconut milk or coconut
water
Mixing of all ingredients (water, sugar,
(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , coconut water)
Pouring the mixture into a sterile
plastic tray (2–4 cm depth) and
allowing the mixture to cool in the tray
Boiling the prepared mixture
Adding starter of Acetobacter xylinum
and covering the tray with clean paper
Incubating for 7–14 days at 23–32˚C
(depending on room temperature)
Separating the nata from spent liquor
and scraping thin bacterial films off the
nata surface
Storage by immersing the nata sheet in
water
Figure 7.1
Diagram.for.the.primary.production.process.of.nata.de.coco.
Apart. from. coconut. water,. some. tropical. countries. use. pineapple. juice,.
a. by-product. from. agroindustries. as. commercial. raw. materials. in. BNC.
production.. In. Indonesia,. the. nata. processing. industry. previously. used.
pineapple.extract.as.its.raw.material,.and.the.product.was.called.nata.de.
pina..However,.because.pineapples.are.seasonal.fruits,.nata.de.pina.cannot.
be. produced. throughout. the. year.. It. has. also. been. reported. that. . coconut.
juice.is.a.better.substrate.for.the.growth.of.Acetobacter.bacteria.than.pineapple.juice.(Kongruang.2008)..Several.other.fruit.juices,.including.orange,.
apple,. Japanese. pear,. and. grape,. have. also. been. used. to. produce. BNC.