Figure 6.7
125
Nematic Ordered Cellulose Templates
Nematic ordered chitin
(TEM)
(AFM)
0.54 nm
1.60 nm
0.45 nm
1.51 nm
3 nm
Chitin/Cellulose (75/25)
10 nm
Figure 6.7
An.image.of.the.chitin.template.prepared.in.the.same.manner.as.the.NOC.template:.(left.upper).
observed.with.high-resolution.TEM;.(left.bottom).an.image.manipulated.by.inverse.Fourier.
transformation;. (right. upper). observed. with. AFM;. (right. bottom). an. image. manipulated. by.
inverse.Fourier.transformation..The.inserted.images.(both.the.left.and.right).are.the.manipulated.diffraction.images.prior.to.inverse.Fourier.transformation..The.bottom.image.is.a.TEM.
image.of.the.order.structure.of.the.stretched.water-swollen.gel.films.from.a.chitin-cellulose.
(75-25). blend. at. a. drawing. ratio. of. 2.0.. The. double. arrows. indicate. the. stretching. direction..
The sample.specimens.were.negatively.stained.with.2%.uranium.acetate.aqueous.solution.
inserted.images.of.Figure 6.7,.were.inversely.Fourier.transformed.back.to.the.
noise-canceled.images.shown.in.the.bottom.images.of.Figure 6.7..In.this.way,.
the.average.distance.between.two.parallel.molecular.chains.in.each.image.
were. provided. for. interpretation.. Both. observations. indicate. that. the. distance.between.individual.chains.(1.6.nm.for.TEM,.0.54.nm.for.AFM).is.larger.
than. the. crystalline. lattice. constant. of. the. a. axis. of. α-chitin. ([a]. 0.474. nm,.
[b] 1.886.nm,.[c] 1.032 nm,.α.=.β.=.γ.=.90°).(Minke.and.Blackwell.1978)..Similar.
to.NOC,.in.which.the.glucan.chain.dimensions.are.0.4–0.5.nm.viewed.from.
its.narrow.axis,.AFM.images.with.a.chain.width.of.0.45.nm.(see Figure 6.7,.
right).clearly.exhibit.single.molecular.chains.in.the.narrow.axis.on.the.surface. of. the. chitin. template.. This. means. that. nematic. ordered. chitin. was.
achieved,. similar. to. our. previous. work. with. cellulose. (Kondo. et. al.. 2001)..
High-resolution.TEM.images.of.molecular.assembly.in.the.stretched.samples.
125
Nematic Ordered Cellulose Templates
Nematic ordered chitin
(TEM)
(AFM)
0.54 nm
1.60 nm
0.45 nm
1.51 nm
3 nm
Chitin/Cellulose (75/25)
10 nm
Figure 6.7
An.image.of.the.chitin.template.prepared.in.the.same.manner.as.the.NOC.template:.(left.upper).
observed.with.high-resolution.TEM;.(left.bottom).an.image.manipulated.by.inverse.Fourier.
transformation;. (right. upper). observed. with. AFM;. (right. bottom). an. image. manipulated. by.
inverse.Fourier.transformation..The.inserted.images.(both.the.left.and.right).are.the.manipulated.diffraction.images.prior.to.inverse.Fourier.transformation..The.bottom.image.is.a.TEM.
image.of.the.order.structure.of.the.stretched.water-swollen.gel.films.from.a.chitin-cellulose.
(75-25). blend. at. a. drawing. ratio. of. 2.0.. The. double. arrows. indicate. the. stretching. direction..
The sample.specimens.were.negatively.stained.with.2%.uranium.acetate.aqueous.solution.
inserted.images.of.Figure 6.7,.were.inversely.Fourier.transformed.back.to.the.
noise-canceled.images.shown.in.the.bottom.images.of.Figure 6.7..In.this.way,.
the.average.distance.between.two.parallel.molecular.chains.in.each.image.
were. provided. for. interpretation.. Both. observations. indicate. that. the. distance.between.individual.chains.(1.6.nm.for.TEM,.0.54.nm.for.AFM).is.larger.
than. the. crystalline. lattice. constant. of. the. a. axis. of. α-chitin. ([a]. 0.474. nm,.
[b] 1.886.nm,.[c] 1.032 nm,.α.=.β.=.γ.=.90°).(Minke.and.Blackwell.1978)..Similar.
to.NOC,.in.which.the.glucan.chain.dimensions.are.0.4–0.5.nm.viewed.from.
its.narrow.axis,.AFM.images.with.a.chain.width.of.0.45.nm.(see Figure 6.7,.
right).clearly.exhibit.single.molecular.chains.in.the.narrow.axis.on.the.surface. of. the. chitin. template.. This. means. that. nematic. ordered. chitin. was.
achieved,. similar. to. our. previous. work. with. cellulose. (Kondo. et. al.. 2001)..
High-resolution.TEM.images.of.molecular.assembly.in.the.stretched.samples.