4
Tough Bacterial Nanocellulose Hydrogels
Based on the Double-Network Technique
Anamul Haque, 1 Takayuki Kurokawa, 2,3 and Jian Ping Gong 2
1 Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
2 Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
3 Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
CONTENTS
Introduction............................................................................................................ 73

Mechanical.Properties.of.BNC.Gels.................................................................... 74

BNC-Gelatin.DN.Gel........................................................................................ 74

Effect.of.DN................................................................................................... 74

Effect.of.Cross-Linking................................................................................77

Effect.of.Water.Content. ............................................................................... 78

BNC-PAAm.DN.Gel......................................................................................... 78

Effect.of.DN................................................................................................... 78

Effect.of.AAm.Monomer.Concentration................................................... 79

Effect.of.Cross-Linking................................................................................80

Effect.of.Water.Content. ............................................................................... 81

Application.of.BNC-Based.DN.Gels.as.a.Replacement.of.Biomaterials........ 82

Wear.Property.of.DN.Gels.in.the.Pin-On.Flat.Test. ......................................83

Biodegradation.of.DN.Gels.after.Implantation.into.Subcutaneous.Tissue.... 85

Biological.Responses.of.DN.Gels.after.Implantation.into.Muscle.

and.Subcutaneous.Tissue................................................................................. 87

Conclusions. ............................................................................................................ 88

References. ............................................................................................................... 88

Introduction
The. design. and. fabrication. of. materials. suitable. for. soft. tissue. replacement.
is. a. demanding. task.. These. materials. should. not. only. display. mechanical.
properties.similar.to.those.of.the.tissues.they.replace,.but.they.should.also.
display.an.improved.life.span,.biocompatibility,.durability,.a.low.degree.of.
73