Index
Note: Page numbers in italic indicate a fgure and page numbers in bold indicate a table.
45S pre-ribosomal RNA gene, 159
A
Abbot, Maude E., 233
Activation-transformation model (Nieuwkoop), 53
Activators, absence, 59
ADAM metalloprotease, usage, 78, 237
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein,
overexpression, 31
ADH1B gene, alleles (commonality), 314
Agonist binding sites, change, 144
Allo-alleles, presence, 199
Allopolyploidy, 155–156
Allotetraploid genomes, 155–156
Allotetraploidization, usage, 161
Allotetraploidy, recognition, 156
AMPA/GABA ratio, differences, 147
AMPA receptors, characteristics, 147
Amphibia (color changes), hormonal control
(Huxley study), 7
Amphibians
egg/embryonic patterning, organization, 26
embryos, axial pattern (organizer
identif cation), 25
embryos, fate map, 53
localization problem, 25–26
models, importance, 126
Anaphase promoting complex (APC), 15
Anaphase promoting complex/Cyclosome
(APC/C), activation, 15
Animal cap cells, Pax3/Zic1-mediated
reprogramming, 133
Antagonistic H3K4ME3/H3K27ME3 marks,
acquisition, 178–180
Anterior-posterior (AP) embryonic patterning
classical/modern studies/issues, synthesis,
58–60
control, signaling pathways (impact), 54–58
Anterior-posterior (AP) neural induction
models, 53
molecular analyses, 54
principles, elucidation, 52
Anterior-posterior (AP) neural patterning
models, experimental embryology
studies, 51–54
Anterior-posterior (AP) patterning
control, 58
signaling pathways, 51
Anti-cancer compound validation, GEXM
(usage), 306–307
Anti-EMT compounds, range, 306
Anti-infammatory (TH2) cells, cytokine
production, 314
Antisense DNA oligonucleotide technology,
Xenopus oocytes (usage), 29
Antisense MOs, usage, 45, 236
Anti-sense MO, usage, 226, 228
Antisense mRNA depletion, usage, 33
Antisense oligonucleotides, usage, 317
APC (canonical signal transduction
component), 66
apc TALEN mRNAs, targeted injection
(usage), 305
Aquaporins 1/9, identif cation, 146
Armadillo (ARM) repeats, usage, 238
Artifcial allopolyploid analysis, 166–167
ATAC-seq data sets, training, 191
Atrio-septal defects (ASDs), 235
Autoregulation subcircuits, 188–189
Autoregulatory loop, Pax3 creation, 128
Axin (canonical signal transduction
component), 66
Axin1 dorsal degradation (promotion), Hwa
protein (impact), 32
Axis-inducing activity (displacement), cortical
rotation (impact), 31
Axon growth, 296
Axon regeneration, 294, 295
B
Bacterial artifcial chromosomes (BACs)
location, 159
sequencing, 157
Batrachian, 3
Beddard, Frank, 4
Bellerby, Charles, 7
Beta-catenin (β-catenin)
degradation, promotion, 57
dorsal β-catenin, cytoplasmic activation,
31–32
epigenetic priming, 263
independence, 68
independent pathways, addition, 71
mutant, destabilization, 90
mutation, 239
protein, N-terminal phosphorylation, 66
protein, nuclear localization, 67
regulation function, 31
secreted ligand activation, 32
bHLH proteins, impact, 99
bHLH transcription factors, mesodermal
development role, 129–130
Bicaudal C (Bicc1), post-transcriptional
regulator, 228
Bighead, head formation usage, 57
Bioinformatics, challenge, 198
Biological processes, identif cation, 294–296
Biophysics, Xenopus oocytes (usage), 143
Birnstiel, Max, 9
Blackler, Antoine, 8
Blastomeres, prof ling, 203
Blastula
blastula-stage embryo, fate map
(production), 8–9
blastula-stage embryo, prospective dorsal
side, 67
mesoderm/endoderm, 187
stage endoderm patterning, 264
Blastula Chordin and Noggin-expressing
(NCNE) center, 90
Blastula stem cells, NCCs (shared features), 133
Bles, Edward, 4
Blum, Martin, 45
BMP4 signaling, impact, 45
Bmp4/Smad1, action, 265
BMP antagonists
depletions, impact, 46–47
expression, activation, 263
tissue differentiation, 45–47
BMP cell specif cation, 246
BMP pathways, genes (identif cation), 44
BMP signaling, 30
pathways, reactivation, 209
Boie, Heinrich (letter), Wagler footnote, 6
Bone reconstruction, approaches, 251
Bouncing eggs, detection, 15
Branchial arch syndrome, 250
Branchiostoma foridae, Hox cluster, 162
Brown, Don, 9
C
C57BL/6J, genetic engineering usage, 315
C57MG mouse mammary epithelial cells,
transformation, 65–66
Cadherin switching, promotion, 128
Cadherin switch, neural crest migration
requirement, 130
Calcineurin (non-canonical Wnt signaling
pathway component), 71
Callan, Harold, 8
Call lineage gene co-expression prof les
network, 191
CamKII (non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway
component), 71
Cancer
CRISPR/Cas9 cancer modeling, 305
genetic Xenopus tropicalis cancer model,
TALEN-mediated TSG disruption,
304–305
initiation/progression, pathways/cellular
processes (study), 302
research, genetically engineered Xenopus
models (usage), 303–305
Xenopus cancer modeling, application
potential, 305–307
Candidate CHD genes, identif cation, 235–236
Canonical notch signaling, 78
device, 79
pathway, scheme, 79
Canonical Wnt/b-catenin signaling, 67
Canonical Wnt, requirement, 236–237
Canonical Wnt signaling, 66, 68
importance, 127
link, 65–66
mediator, 177–178
non-canonical Wnt signaling, integration, 68
Cardiac organogenesis, Wnt signaling, 69
Casein Kinase I (CKI), canonical signal
transduction component, 66
Cdc25 activation, prevention, 20
Cdk2
Cyclin E binding, 19
identif cation, 19
337
Note: Page numbers in italic indicate a fgure and page numbers in bold indicate a table.
45S pre-ribosomal RNA gene, 159
A
Abbot, Maude E., 233
Activation-transformation model (Nieuwkoop), 53
Activators, absence, 59
ADAM metalloprotease, usage, 78, 237
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein,
overexpression, 31
ADH1B gene, alleles (commonality), 314
Agonist binding sites, change, 144
Allo-alleles, presence, 199
Allopolyploidy, 155–156
Allotetraploid genomes, 155–156
Allotetraploidization, usage, 161
Allotetraploidy, recognition, 156
AMPA/GABA ratio, differences, 147
AMPA receptors, characteristics, 147
Amphibia (color changes), hormonal control
(Huxley study), 7
Amphibians
egg/embryonic patterning, organization, 26
embryos, axial pattern (organizer
identif cation), 25
embryos, fate map, 53
localization problem, 25–26
models, importance, 126
Anaphase promoting complex (APC), 15
Anaphase promoting complex/Cyclosome
(APC/C), activation, 15
Animal cap cells, Pax3/Zic1-mediated
reprogramming, 133
Antagonistic H3K4ME3/H3K27ME3 marks,
acquisition, 178–180
Anterior-posterior (AP) embryonic patterning
classical/modern studies/issues, synthesis,
58–60
control, signaling pathways (impact), 54–58
Anterior-posterior (AP) neural induction
models, 53
molecular analyses, 54
principles, elucidation, 52
Anterior-posterior (AP) neural patterning
models, experimental embryology
studies, 51–54
Anterior-posterior (AP) patterning
control, 58
signaling pathways, 51
Anti-cancer compound validation, GEXM
(usage), 306–307
Anti-EMT compounds, range, 306
Anti-infammatory (TH2) cells, cytokine
production, 314
Antisense DNA oligonucleotide technology,
Xenopus oocytes (usage), 29
Antisense MOs, usage, 45, 236
Anti-sense MO, usage, 226, 228
Antisense mRNA depletion, usage, 33
Antisense oligonucleotides, usage, 317
APC (canonical signal transduction
component), 66
apc TALEN mRNAs, targeted injection
(usage), 305
Aquaporins 1/9, identif cation, 146
Armadillo (ARM) repeats, usage, 238
Artifcial allopolyploid analysis, 166–167
ATAC-seq data sets, training, 191
Atrio-septal defects (ASDs), 235
Autoregulation subcircuits, 188–189
Autoregulatory loop, Pax3 creation, 128
Axin (canonical signal transduction
component), 66
Axin1 dorsal degradation (promotion), Hwa
protein (impact), 32
Axis-inducing activity (displacement), cortical
rotation (impact), 31
Axon growth, 296
Axon regeneration, 294, 295
B
Bacterial artifcial chromosomes (BACs)
location, 159
sequencing, 157
Batrachian, 3
Beddard, Frank, 4
Bellerby, Charles, 7
Beta-catenin (β-catenin)
degradation, promotion, 57
dorsal β-catenin, cytoplasmic activation,
31–32
epigenetic priming, 263
independence, 68
independent pathways, addition, 71
mutant, destabilization, 90
mutation, 239
protein, N-terminal phosphorylation, 66
protein, nuclear localization, 67
regulation function, 31
secreted ligand activation, 32
bHLH proteins, impact, 99
bHLH transcription factors, mesodermal
development role, 129–130
Bicaudal C (Bicc1), post-transcriptional
regulator, 228
Bighead, head formation usage, 57
Bioinformatics, challenge, 198
Biological processes, identif cation, 294–296
Biophysics, Xenopus oocytes (usage), 143
Birnstiel, Max, 9
Blackler, Antoine, 8
Blastomeres, prof ling, 203
Blastula
blastula-stage embryo, fate map
(production), 8–9
blastula-stage embryo, prospective dorsal
side, 67
mesoderm/endoderm, 187
stage endoderm patterning, 264
Blastula Chordin and Noggin-expressing
(NCNE) center, 90
Blastula stem cells, NCCs (shared features), 133
Bles, Edward, 4
Blum, Martin, 45
BMP4 signaling, impact, 45
Bmp4/Smad1, action, 265
BMP antagonists
depletions, impact, 46–47
expression, activation, 263
tissue differentiation, 45–47
BMP cell specif cation, 246
BMP pathways, genes (identif cation), 44
BMP signaling, 30
pathways, reactivation, 209
Boie, Heinrich (letter), Wagler footnote, 6
Bone reconstruction, approaches, 251
Bouncing eggs, detection, 15
Branchial arch syndrome, 250
Branchiostoma foridae, Hox cluster, 162
Brown, Don, 9
C
C57BL/6J, genetic engineering usage, 315
C57MG mouse mammary epithelial cells,
transformation, 65–66
Cadherin switching, promotion, 128
Cadherin switch, neural crest migration
requirement, 130
Calcineurin (non-canonical Wnt signaling
pathway component), 71
Callan, Harold, 8
Call lineage gene co-expression prof les
network, 191
CamKII (non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway
component), 71
Cancer
CRISPR/Cas9 cancer modeling, 305
genetic Xenopus tropicalis cancer model,
TALEN-mediated TSG disruption,
304–305
initiation/progression, pathways/cellular
processes (study), 302
research, genetically engineered Xenopus
models (usage), 303–305
Xenopus cancer modeling, application
potential, 305–307
Candidate CHD genes, identif cation, 235–236
Canonical notch signaling, 78
device, 79
pathway, scheme, 79
Canonical Wnt/b-catenin signaling, 67
Canonical Wnt, requirement, 236–237
Canonical Wnt signaling, 66, 68
importance, 127
link, 65–66
mediator, 177–178
non-canonical Wnt signaling, integration, 68
Cardiac organogenesis, Wnt signaling, 69
Casein Kinase I (CKI), canonical signal
transduction component, 66
Cdc25 activation, prevention, 20
Cdk2
Cyclin E binding, 19
identif cation, 19
337