309
Tumor Formation and Regulation in Xenopus
REFERENCES
Anzalone, A. V. et al. (2019) ‘Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA’, Nature,
576(7785), pp. 149–157. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1711-4.
Aslan, Y. et al. (2017) ‘High-effciency non-mosaic CRISPRmediated knock-in and indel mutation in F0 Xenopus’,
Development (Cambridge), 144(15), pp. 2852–2858. doi:
10.1242/dev.152967.
Baldus, C. D. et al. (2009) ‘Prognostic implications of NOTCH1
and FBXW7 mutations in adult acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia’, Haematologica, 94(10), pp. 1383–1390. doi: 10.3324/
haematol.2008.005272.
Balls, M. (1962) ‘Spontaneous neoplasms in amphibia: A review
and descriptions of six new cases’, Cancer Research , 22(10).
Banach, M. and Robert, J. (2017) ‘Tumor immunology viewed
from alternative animal models—the Xenopus story’,
Current Pathobiology Reports, 5(1), pp. 49–56. doi: 10.1007/
s40139-017-0125-y.
Banach, M. et al. (2019) ‘Impacts of the MHC class I-like XNC10
and innate-like T cells on tumor tolerance and rejection in the
amphibian Xenopus’, Carcinogenesis, 40(7), pp. 924–935.
doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgz100.
Bartlett, H. L. et al. (2010) ‘Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac morphology and function in Xenopus’, Comparative
Medicine, 60(2), pp. 107–113. Available at: /pmc/articles/
PMC2855036/?report=abstract (Accessed: 12 November 2020).
Blasco, R. B. et al. (2014) ‘Simple and rapid in vivo generation
of chromosomal rearrangements using CRISPR/Cas9 technology’, Cell Reports, 9(4), pp. 1219–1227. doi: 10.1016/j.
celrep.2014.10.051.
Blum, M. and Ott, T. (2018) ‘Xenopus: An undervalued model organism to study and model human genetic disease’, Cells Tissues
Organs, 205(5–6), pp. 303–313. doi: 10.1159/000490898.
Boppart, S. A. et al. (1997) ‘Noninvasive assessment of the developing Xenopus cardiovascular system using optical coherence tomography’, Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America, 94(9), pp. 4256–
4261. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4256.
Borga, C. et al. (2019) ‘Simultaneous B and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias in zebrafsh driven by transgenic MYC:
Implications for oncogenesis and lymphopoiesis’, Leukemia,
33(2), pp. 333–347. doi: 10.1038/s41375-018-0226-6.
Bougeard, G. et al. (2008) ‘Molecular basis of the Li-Fraumeni
syndrome: An update from the French LFS families’, Journal
of Medical Genetics, 45(8), pp. 535–538. doi: 10.1136/
jmg.2008.057570.
Chen, L. et al. (2018) ‘CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals a MYCNamplifed neuroblastoma dependency on EZH2’, Journal of
Clinical Investigation, 128(1), pp. 446–462. doi: 10.1172/
JCI90793.
Chen, S. et al. (2015) ‘Genome-wide CRISPR screen in a mouse
model of tumor growth and metastasis’, Cell, 160(6),
pp. 1246–1260. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.038.
Chernet, B. T., Fields, C. and Levin, M. (2015) ‘Long-range gap
junctional signaling controls oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis in Xenopus laevis embryos’, Frontiers in Physiology, 5,
p. 519. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00519.
Chernet, B. T. and Levin, M. (2013) ‘Transmembrane voltage
potential is an essential cellular parameter for the detection
and control of tumor development in a Xenopus model’,
DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms, 6(3), pp. 595–607.
doi: 10.1242/dmm.010835.
Chow, L. M. L. et al. (2011) ‘Cooperativity within and among Pten,
p53, and Rb pathways induces high-grade astrocytoma in
adult brain’, Cancer Cell, 19(3), pp. 305–316. doi: 10.1016/j.
ccr.2011.01.039.
Dahmane, N. et al. (1997) ‘Activation of the transcription factor Gli1
and the sonic Hedgehog signalling pathway in skin tumours’,
Nature, 389(6653), pp. 876–881. doi: 10.1038/39918.
Dale, L. and Slack, J. M. (1987) ‘Fate map for the 32-cell stage of
Xenopus laevis’, Development, 99(4), pp. 527–551.
Dang, M., Fogley, R. and Zon, L. I. (2016) ‘Identifying novel
cancer therapies using chemical genetics and zebraf sh’,
in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 916,
pp. 103–124. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-30654-4_5.
Dimitrakopoulou, D. et al. (2019) ‘ Xenopus tropicalis: Joining
the Armada in the fght against blood cancer’, Frontiers in
Physiology, 10, p. 48. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00210.
Donehower, L. A. (1996) ‘The p53-defcient mouse: A model for
basic and applied cancer studies’, in Seminars in Cancer
Biology, 7(5), pp. 269–278. doi: 10.1006/scbi.1996.0035.
Donehower, L. A. et al. (1992) ‘Mice defcient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours’,
Nature, 356(6366), pp. 215–221. doi: 10.1038/356215a0.
Du, C. C., Mashoof, S. M. and Criscitiello, M. F. (2012) ‘Oral
immunization of the African clawed frog ( Xenopus laevis)
upregulates the mucosal immunoglobulin IgX’, Veterinary
Immunology and Immunopathology, 145(1–2), pp. 493–498.
doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.10.019.
Eggington, J. M. et al. (2014) ‘A comprehensive laboratory-based
program for classifcation of variants of uncertain signif -
cance in hereditary cancer genes’, Clinical Genetics, 86(3),
pp. 229–237. doi: 10.1111/cge.12315.
Fazio, M. et al. (2020) ‘Zebrafsh patient avatars in cancer biology
and precision cancer therapy’, Nature Reviews Cancer . Nature
Research, pp. 263–273. doi: 10.1038/s41568-020-0252-3.
Goyos, A. and Robert, J. (2009) ‘Tumorigenesis and anti-tumor
immune responses in Xenopus’, Frontiers in Bioscience,
14(1), pp. 167–176. doi: 10.2741/3238.
Guaragnella, N. et al. (2014) ‘The expanding role of yeast in cancer research and diagnosis: Insights into the function of the
oncosuppressors p53 and BRCA1/2’, FEMS Yeast Research,
14(1), pp. 2–16. doi: 10.1111/1567–1364.12094.
Guo, X. et al. (2014) ‘Effcient RNA/Cas9-mediated genome
editing in Xenopus tropicalis’, Development (Cambridge),
141(3), pp. 707–714. doi: 10.1242/dev.099853.
Hadji-Azimi, I. and Fischberg, M. (1971) ‘Normal and cancerous
tissue transplantation in allogeneic and syngeneic Xenopus
laevis’, Cancer Research, 31(11), pp. 118–132.
Hanahan, D. and Weinberg, R. A. (2000) ‘The hallmarks of cancer’,
Cell, 100(1), pp. 57–70. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81683-9.
Hanahan, D. and Weinberg, R. A. (2011) ‘Hallmarks of cancer: The
next generation’, Cell, 144(5), pp. 646–674. doi: 10.1016/j.
cell.2011.02.013.
Hardwick, L. J. A. and Philpott, A. (2015) ‘An oncologist’s friend:
How Xenopus contributes to cancer research’, Developmental
Biology, 408(2), pp. 180–187. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.02.003.
Hardwick, L. J. A. and Philpott, A. (2018) ‘Xenopus models of
cancer: Expanding the oncologist’s toolbox’, Frontiers in
Physiology, 9, p. 27. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01660.
Haynes-Gilmore, N. et al. (2014) ‘A critical role of nonclassical MHC
in tumor immune evasion in the amphibian Xenopus model’,
Carcinogenesis, 35(8), p. 1807. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu100.
Haynes-Gimore, N. et al. (2015) ‘Semi-solid tumor model in
Xenopus laevis/gilli cloned tadpoles for intravital study of
neovascularization, immune cells and melanophore inf ltration’, Developmental Biology, 408(2), pp. 205–212. doi:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.01.003.
Tumor Formation and Regulation in Xenopus
REFERENCES
Anzalone, A. V. et al. (2019) ‘Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA’, Nature,
576(7785), pp. 149–157. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1711-4.
Aslan, Y. et al. (2017) ‘High-effciency non-mosaic CRISPRmediated knock-in and indel mutation in F0 Xenopus’,
Development (Cambridge), 144(15), pp. 2852–2858. doi:
10.1242/dev.152967.
Baldus, C. D. et al. (2009) ‘Prognostic implications of NOTCH1
and FBXW7 mutations in adult acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia’, Haematologica, 94(10), pp. 1383–1390. doi: 10.3324/
haematol.2008.005272.
Balls, M. (1962) ‘Spontaneous neoplasms in amphibia: A review
and descriptions of six new cases’, Cancer Research , 22(10).
Banach, M. and Robert, J. (2017) ‘Tumor immunology viewed
from alternative animal models—the Xenopus story’,
Current Pathobiology Reports, 5(1), pp. 49–56. doi: 10.1007/
s40139-017-0125-y.
Banach, M. et al. (2019) ‘Impacts of the MHC class I-like XNC10
and innate-like T cells on tumor tolerance and rejection in the
amphibian Xenopus’, Carcinogenesis, 40(7), pp. 924–935.
doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgz100.
Bartlett, H. L. et al. (2010) ‘Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac morphology and function in Xenopus’, Comparative
Medicine, 60(2), pp. 107–113. Available at: /pmc/articles/
PMC2855036/?report=abstract (Accessed: 12 November 2020).
Blasco, R. B. et al. (2014) ‘Simple and rapid in vivo generation
of chromosomal rearrangements using CRISPR/Cas9 technology’, Cell Reports, 9(4), pp. 1219–1227. doi: 10.1016/j.
celrep.2014.10.051.
Blum, M. and Ott, T. (2018) ‘Xenopus: An undervalued model organism to study and model human genetic disease’, Cells Tissues
Organs, 205(5–6), pp. 303–313. doi: 10.1159/000490898.
Boppart, S. A. et al. (1997) ‘Noninvasive assessment of the developing Xenopus cardiovascular system using optical coherence tomography’, Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America, 94(9), pp. 4256–
4261. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4256.
Borga, C. et al. (2019) ‘Simultaneous B and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias in zebrafsh driven by transgenic MYC:
Implications for oncogenesis and lymphopoiesis’, Leukemia,
33(2), pp. 333–347. doi: 10.1038/s41375-018-0226-6.
Bougeard, G. et al. (2008) ‘Molecular basis of the Li-Fraumeni
syndrome: An update from the French LFS families’, Journal
of Medical Genetics, 45(8), pp. 535–538. doi: 10.1136/
jmg.2008.057570.
Chen, L. et al. (2018) ‘CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals a MYCNamplifed neuroblastoma dependency on EZH2’, Journal of
Clinical Investigation, 128(1), pp. 446–462. doi: 10.1172/
JCI90793.
Chen, S. et al. (2015) ‘Genome-wide CRISPR screen in a mouse
model of tumor growth and metastasis’, Cell, 160(6),
pp. 1246–1260. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.038.
Chernet, B. T., Fields, C. and Levin, M. (2015) ‘Long-range gap
junctional signaling controls oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis in Xenopus laevis embryos’, Frontiers in Physiology, 5,
p. 519. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00519.
Chernet, B. T. and Levin, M. (2013) ‘Transmembrane voltage
potential is an essential cellular parameter for the detection
and control of tumor development in a Xenopus model’,
DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms, 6(3), pp. 595–607.
doi: 10.1242/dmm.010835.
Chow, L. M. L. et al. (2011) ‘Cooperativity within and among Pten,
p53, and Rb pathways induces high-grade astrocytoma in
adult brain’, Cancer Cell, 19(3), pp. 305–316. doi: 10.1016/j.
ccr.2011.01.039.
Dahmane, N. et al. (1997) ‘Activation of the transcription factor Gli1
and the sonic Hedgehog signalling pathway in skin tumours’,
Nature, 389(6653), pp. 876–881. doi: 10.1038/39918.
Dale, L. and Slack, J. M. (1987) ‘Fate map for the 32-cell stage of
Xenopus laevis’, Development, 99(4), pp. 527–551.
Dang, M., Fogley, R. and Zon, L. I. (2016) ‘Identifying novel
cancer therapies using chemical genetics and zebraf sh’,
in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 916,
pp. 103–124. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-30654-4_5.
Dimitrakopoulou, D. et al. (2019) ‘ Xenopus tropicalis: Joining
the Armada in the fght against blood cancer’, Frontiers in
Physiology, 10, p. 48. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00210.
Donehower, L. A. (1996) ‘The p53-defcient mouse: A model for
basic and applied cancer studies’, in Seminars in Cancer
Biology, 7(5), pp. 269–278. doi: 10.1006/scbi.1996.0035.
Donehower, L. A. et al. (1992) ‘Mice defcient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours’,
Nature, 356(6366), pp. 215–221. doi: 10.1038/356215a0.
Du, C. C., Mashoof, S. M. and Criscitiello, M. F. (2012) ‘Oral
immunization of the African clawed frog ( Xenopus laevis)
upregulates the mucosal immunoglobulin IgX’, Veterinary
Immunology and Immunopathology, 145(1–2), pp. 493–498.
doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.10.019.
Eggington, J. M. et al. (2014) ‘A comprehensive laboratory-based
program for classifcation of variants of uncertain signif -
cance in hereditary cancer genes’, Clinical Genetics, 86(3),
pp. 229–237. doi: 10.1111/cge.12315.
Fazio, M. et al. (2020) ‘Zebrafsh patient avatars in cancer biology
and precision cancer therapy’, Nature Reviews Cancer . Nature
Research, pp. 263–273. doi: 10.1038/s41568-020-0252-3.
Goyos, A. and Robert, J. (2009) ‘Tumorigenesis and anti-tumor
immune responses in Xenopus’, Frontiers in Bioscience,
14(1), pp. 167–176. doi: 10.2741/3238.
Guaragnella, N. et al. (2014) ‘The expanding role of yeast in cancer research and diagnosis: Insights into the function of the
oncosuppressors p53 and BRCA1/2’, FEMS Yeast Research,
14(1), pp. 2–16. doi: 10.1111/1567–1364.12094.
Guo, X. et al. (2014) ‘Effcient RNA/Cas9-mediated genome
editing in Xenopus tropicalis’, Development (Cambridge),
141(3), pp. 707–714. doi: 10.1242/dev.099853.
Hadji-Azimi, I. and Fischberg, M. (1971) ‘Normal and cancerous
tissue transplantation in allogeneic and syngeneic Xenopus
laevis’, Cancer Research, 31(11), pp. 118–132.
Hanahan, D. and Weinberg, R. A. (2000) ‘The hallmarks of cancer’,
Cell, 100(1), pp. 57–70. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81683-9.
Hanahan, D. and Weinberg, R. A. (2011) ‘Hallmarks of cancer: The
next generation’, Cell, 144(5), pp. 646–674. doi: 10.1016/j.
cell.2011.02.013.
Hardwick, L. J. A. and Philpott, A. (2015) ‘An oncologist’s friend:
How Xenopus contributes to cancer research’, Developmental
Biology, 408(2), pp. 180–187. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.02.003.
Hardwick, L. J. A. and Philpott, A. (2018) ‘Xenopus models of
cancer: Expanding the oncologist’s toolbox’, Frontiers in
Physiology, 9, p. 27. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01660.
Haynes-Gilmore, N. et al. (2014) ‘A critical role of nonclassical MHC
in tumor immune evasion in the amphibian Xenopus model’,
Carcinogenesis, 35(8), p. 1807. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu100.
Haynes-Gimore, N. et al. (2015) ‘Semi-solid tumor model in
Xenopus laevis/gilli cloned tadpoles for intravital study of
neovascularization, immune cells and melanophore inf ltration’, Developmental Biology, 408(2), pp. 205–212. doi:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.01.003.