114
Coastal Engineering: Theory and Practice
fishing and surfing. The geometry and design of the artificial reefs varies as
it dépends on the main functions of the structure and materials used. AU
kinds of materials such as Steel, reinforced or pre-stressed concrète, liber
glass or a variety of composite materials hâve been used in construction of
artificial reefs. Old wrecked cars, airplanes, military tanks, used truck or
car tires, junked appliances, docks, old boats, ballistic missiles, decommissioned ships and obsolète oil rigs hâve been sunk and designated as artificial
reefs.
4.5.3 Soft measures
It refers to the protection measures which leaves behind less or
no morphological/ geographical/geological/environmental/ecological foot
print. These measures aim to stabilize the shoreline and save the beaches
and landforms from any approaching natural disasters. These measures are
time consuming to both plan and implement. It requires careful planning
and skilled labor for execution. Although the efficiency of such measures
are commendable, it is not a quick solution.
4.5.3.1 Beach nourishment
General
A wider beach width can be artificially achieved by supplying sédiments
from a source to the stretch of the coast facing érosion. This methods aids
to enhance the recreational value of the beach further acts as a buffer
to dissipate high energy waves. Wider beaches are often sought after not
only for recreational or tourism purposes; they can potentially withstand
damage caused by heavy storms, tsunami, storm surge, etc. and aid in
energy dissipating along the surf zone. The source for sédiment for artificial
nourishment shah be collected either from offshore dredging operations or
alternative landward sources, of which, the marine source of sédiments
is préférable. Artificial nourishment requires continued maintenance and
in likely to become uneconomical in severe wave climates. This is often
employed in combination with hard structural/engineering options, i.e.
offshore breakwaters, headlands and groins to improve efficiency.
The primary advantage of this method is that it is more economical than
deploying huge defense structures. Nourishment can broadly be classified
as backshore nourishment, beach nourishment and shore face nourishment
(Fig. 4.12).
Coastal Engineering: Theory and Practice
fishing and surfing. The geometry and design of the artificial reefs varies as
it dépends on the main functions of the structure and materials used. AU
kinds of materials such as Steel, reinforced or pre-stressed concrète, liber
glass or a variety of composite materials hâve been used in construction of
artificial reefs. Old wrecked cars, airplanes, military tanks, used truck or
car tires, junked appliances, docks, old boats, ballistic missiles, decommissioned ships and obsolète oil rigs hâve been sunk and designated as artificial
reefs.
4.5.3 Soft measures
It refers to the protection measures which leaves behind less or
no morphological/ geographical/geological/environmental/ecological foot
print. These measures aim to stabilize the shoreline and save the beaches
and landforms from any approaching natural disasters. These measures are
time consuming to both plan and implement. It requires careful planning
and skilled labor for execution. Although the efficiency of such measures
are commendable, it is not a quick solution.
4.5.3.1 Beach nourishment
General
A wider beach width can be artificially achieved by supplying sédiments
from a source to the stretch of the coast facing érosion. This methods aids
to enhance the recreational value of the beach further acts as a buffer
to dissipate high energy waves. Wider beaches are often sought after not
only for recreational or tourism purposes; they can potentially withstand
damage caused by heavy storms, tsunami, storm surge, etc. and aid in
energy dissipating along the surf zone. The source for sédiment for artificial
nourishment shah be collected either from offshore dredging operations or
alternative landward sources, of which, the marine source of sédiments
is préférable. Artificial nourishment requires continued maintenance and
in likely to become uneconomical in severe wave climates. This is often
employed in combination with hard structural/engineering options, i.e.
offshore breakwaters, headlands and groins to improve efficiency.
The primary advantage of this method is that it is more economical than
deploying huge defense structures. Nourishment can broadly be classified
as backshore nourishment, beach nourishment and shore face nourishment
(Fig. 4.12).