possibility of relating changes in properties to
change in surface forcing.
The separation of waters into masses with various properties is one of the key tools of classical
hydrography. The extension of the analysis to T–S
classes gave good agreement between the T–S
properties of the observed major ‘mode’ water
masses and the T–S classes being formed by surface processes (Speer, 1993; Speer et al., 1995a).
Quantitative diagnosis on these lines will be a
demanding test of the ability of ocean and climate
models to simulate both the mean state and variability and long-term change in the real ocean.
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336
change in surface forcing.
The separation of waters into masses with various properties is one of the key tools of classical
hydrography. The extension of the analysis to T–S
classes gave good agreement between the T–S
properties of the observed major ‘mode’ water
masses and the T–S classes being formed by surface processes (Speer, 1993; Speer et al., 1995a).
Quantitative diagnosis on these lines will be a
demanding test of the ability of ocean and climate
models to simulate both the mean state and variability and long-term change in the real ocean.
SECTION 5 FORMATION AND TRANSPORT OF WATER MASSES
336