6. ADRENAL STEROIDS AND A ~ H
323
Jones, 1966; Hanke et al., 1967) and are therefore unlike the adrenocortical cells of other vertebrates. These enigmatic bodies have been
termed the “corpuscles of Stannius” by Diamare (1895,1935) or “posterior
interrenal” by Giacomini ( 1902, 1908).
B. Adrenocortical Hormones
The adrenal cortex secretes chemical materials of the steroid type.
Basically the steroid nucleus consists of a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus comprising a fully hydrogenated phenanthrene (rings A,
B, and C ) to which is fused a five-carbon cyclopentane ring (D)-Fig. 1.
The adrenocorticosteroid contains a further two-carbon chain attached to
the carbon at position 17. Characteristics of adrenocortical steroid molecules are: (1) a double valency bond between carbons 4 and 5, (2) a
ketone group at carbon-3, and ( 3 ) a hydroxyl group at carbon-21.
11
CHpOH
I
w = o
18
I
Fig. 1. Configuration of the adrenocorticosteroid molecule.
11. ADRENOCORTICOSTEROIDS IN FISH
A. Adrenocorticosteroids in Plasma
The first attempts to isolate adrenocortical secretions from the blood
of fish were performed by Phillips and Chester Jones (1957) and Bondy
et uZ. (1957). The principal hormones identified in teleost plasma were
cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone ( Phillips and Chester Jones, 1957;
Phillips, 1959; Idler et al., 1959a; Chester Jones and Phillips, 1960); see
Table I. In addition a compound similar to aldosterone in chromatographic mobilities in several separation systems was isolated in small
quantities in the peripheral plasma of the Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus
nerka (Phillips et al., 1959). There is also evidence that ll-deoxycortisol
is present in the plasma of the same species, although that of aldosterone
has been disputed (Schmidt and Idler, 1962).
The question of the presence of aldosterone in fish has aroused con-
323
Jones, 1966; Hanke et al., 1967) and are therefore unlike the adrenocortical cells of other vertebrates. These enigmatic bodies have been
termed the “corpuscles of Stannius” by Diamare (1895,1935) or “posterior
interrenal” by Giacomini ( 1902, 1908).
B. Adrenocortical Hormones
The adrenal cortex secretes chemical materials of the steroid type.
Basically the steroid nucleus consists of a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus comprising a fully hydrogenated phenanthrene (rings A,
B, and C ) to which is fused a five-carbon cyclopentane ring (D)-Fig. 1.
The adrenocorticosteroid contains a further two-carbon chain attached to
the carbon at position 17. Characteristics of adrenocortical steroid molecules are: (1) a double valency bond between carbons 4 and 5, (2) a
ketone group at carbon-3, and ( 3 ) a hydroxyl group at carbon-21.
11
CHpOH
I
w = o
18
I
Fig. 1. Configuration of the adrenocorticosteroid molecule.
11. ADRENOCORTICOSTEROIDS IN FISH
A. Adrenocorticosteroids in Plasma
The first attempts to isolate adrenocortical secretions from the blood
of fish were performed by Phillips and Chester Jones (1957) and Bondy
et uZ. (1957). The principal hormones identified in teleost plasma were
cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone ( Phillips and Chester Jones, 1957;
Phillips, 1959; Idler et al., 1959a; Chester Jones and Phillips, 1960); see
Table I. In addition a compound similar to aldosterone in chromatographic mobilities in several separation systems was isolated in small
quantities in the peripheral plasma of the Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus
nerka (Phillips et al., 1959). There is also evidence that ll-deoxycortisol
is present in the plasma of the same species, although that of aldosterone
has been disputed (Schmidt and Idler, 1962).
The question of the presence of aldosterone in fish has aroused con-