CONTENTS
vii
8. The Regulation of Breathing
G. Shelton
I. Introduction
11. The Respiratory Pump
111.
IV.
V.
VI.
Central Factors in the Regulation of Breathing Patterns
The Role of Mechanoreceptors in Respiratory Regulation
The Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Relationship between Ventilation and Perfusion
References
9. Air Breathing in Fishes
Kjell Johansen
I.
11.
111.
Occurrence and Bionomics of Air-Breathing Fishes
Nature of the Structural Adaptations for Air Breathing
Physiological Adaptations in Air-Breathing Fishes
References
293
294
316
326
328
347
352
36 1
363
37 5
408
10. The Swim Bladder as a Hydrostatic Organ
Johan B. Steen
I. Introduction
414
11. The Biological Significance of the Swim Bladder
414
111. The Architecture of the Swim Bladder
415
IV. The Performance of the Swim Bladder
423
VI. The Realization of Countercurrent Multiplication in the Swim Bladder 432
VII.
438
References
440
V. The Mechanisms of Gas Transport
428
Nervous Control of the Hydrostatic Function of the Swim Bladder
11. Hydrostatic Pressure
Malcolm S. Gordon
I. Introduction
11. Fishes Living under High Pressures
References
111. Experimental Studies
12. Immunology of Fish
Jolin E. Ctishing
I. Introduction
11. Antibodies
111. The Cellular Basis of the Immunological Response
445
450
454
460
465
468
479