52
JERALD J . BERNSTEIN
changes in areas of efferent outflow which were in the expected areas
for the projections from the cerebellum (Karamyan, 1956).
The rheobase and chronaxie for the erection of the dorsal fins upon
stimulation were tested after removal of the entire cerebellum (Karamyan, 1956). After total removal, the rheobase was reduced by more
than one-half while the chronaxie increased. In addition, several trophic
disorders were found after removal of the teleost cerebellum. These included proliferation of cartilaginous tissue around the mouth and fins,
concomitant scale loss on various parts of the body, and marked muscle
emaciation ( Karamyan, 1956).
Light and sound have been used as conditioned stimuli following
cerebellar ablation (Bianki and Demina, 1964; Karamyan, 1956, 1957).
Fish were placed in the center of an aquarium with the sources of light
and sound above the water on the left or right side of the aquarium.
The fish were to choose left side versus right side following stimulus
onset. Following conditioning, removal of the right or left portion of the
cerebellum (Bianki and Dcmina, 1964) in the crucian carp, Carassius
carassius, had no effect on the ability of operated fish to differentiate
between acoustic and photic stimuli. Therefore, removal of one-half of
the cerebellum has no effect on previously learned conditioned responses
to photic and acoustic stimuli. However, loss of the ability to spatially
orient acoustic stimuli (which did not affect photic stimuli) was noted
upon removal of one-half of the cerebellum (Bianki and Demina, 1964).
Following complcte extirpation of the cerebellum the fish could not be
conditioned to light or to sound stimuli (Karamyan, 1956). However, 30
days after the operation, fish spontaneously recovered the ability to learn
differences between acoustic or photic stimuli.
Partial or total removal of the cerebellum resulted in disorders in
sensory and motor activity and general tropic disorders (Karamyan,
1956, 1957). Karamyan (1956, 1957) feels that the cerebellum is the
visual and auditory integrative center of the fish brain and is the
primary organ for the establishment of temporary visual and auditory
associations. However, at least some of the visual information is integrated in the telencephalon and optic tectum. More cxperimental work
has to be done on the cerebellum before these types of functions can
wholly be ascribed to this neural center.
C. Stimulation of the Cerebellum
The cerebellum of the goldfish, Carussius auratus, the sunfish,
Lepomis, and the catfish, Ictnlurus, has been stimulated whilc the animals
JERALD J . BERNSTEIN
changes in areas of efferent outflow which were in the expected areas
for the projections from the cerebellum (Karamyan, 1956).
The rheobase and chronaxie for the erection of the dorsal fins upon
stimulation were tested after removal of the entire cerebellum (Karamyan, 1956). After total removal, the rheobase was reduced by more
than one-half while the chronaxie increased. In addition, several trophic
disorders were found after removal of the teleost cerebellum. These included proliferation of cartilaginous tissue around the mouth and fins,
concomitant scale loss on various parts of the body, and marked muscle
emaciation ( Karamyan, 1956).
Light and sound have been used as conditioned stimuli following
cerebellar ablation (Bianki and Demina, 1964; Karamyan, 1956, 1957).
Fish were placed in the center of an aquarium with the sources of light
and sound above the water on the left or right side of the aquarium.
The fish were to choose left side versus right side following stimulus
onset. Following conditioning, removal of the right or left portion of the
cerebellum (Bianki and Dcmina, 1964) in the crucian carp, Carassius
carassius, had no effect on the ability of operated fish to differentiate
between acoustic and photic stimuli. Therefore, removal of one-half of
the cerebellum has no effect on previously learned conditioned responses
to photic and acoustic stimuli. However, loss of the ability to spatially
orient acoustic stimuli (which did not affect photic stimuli) was noted
upon removal of one-half of the cerebellum (Bianki and Demina, 1964).
Following complcte extirpation of the cerebellum the fish could not be
conditioned to light or to sound stimuli (Karamyan, 1956). However, 30
days after the operation, fish spontaneously recovered the ability to learn
differences between acoustic or photic stimuli.
Partial or total removal of the cerebellum resulted in disorders in
sensory and motor activity and general tropic disorders (Karamyan,
1956, 1957). Karamyan (1956, 1957) feels that the cerebellum is the
visual and auditory integrative center of the fish brain and is the
primary organ for the establishment of temporary visual and auditory
associations. However, at least some of the visual information is integrated in the telencephalon and optic tectum. More cxperimental work
has to be done on the cerebellum before these types of functions can
wholly be ascribed to this neural center.
C. Stimulation of the Cerebellum
The cerebellum of the goldfish, Carussius auratus, the sunfish,
Lepomis, and the catfish, Ictnlurus, has been stimulated whilc the animals