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IMMUNOLOGY OF FISH
JOHN E . CUSHING
I . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . .
A . Historical
. . . . . . . . . .
B . Methods . . . . . . . . . . .
C . General References . . . . . . . .
I1 . Antibodies . . . . . . . . . . .
A . The Immunoglobulins . . . . . . . .
B . Allotypes . . . . . . . . . . .
C . The yM Molecule . . . . . . . . .
D . The Primary Amino Acid Sequences of L and H Chains
E . The Immunoglobulins of Fish . . . . . .
F . The Specificity of Fish Antibodies . . . . .
I11 . The Cellular Basis of the Immunological Response . .
. . . . .
. . . . . .
IV . Complement . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
A . Phylogeny of the Lymphoid System
B . Transplantation Studies in Fish
Comparative Immunology of Fish Complement
V . Blood Groups . . . . . . . . . .
VI . Cyclostomes . . . . . . . . . . .
VII . Final Considerations . . . . . . . . .
References
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I . INTRODUCTION
The problem of understanding the mechanism of antibody synthesis
is not only of extreme interest to immunologists and geneticists but also
to biologists in general . One major reason for this is that the mechanism
as far as it is understood has fundamental paradoxical aspects that have
not yet been experimentally integrated with present concepts of genetics
and protein synthesis . A second major reason is that the immunological
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