4
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
D . J . RANDALL
I . Introduction . . . . . . . . . .
I1 . Blood Pressures in Arteries and Veins . . . .
I11 . The Heart . . . . . . . . . .
A . Anatomy . . . . . . . . . .
B . Electrical Properties
. . . . . . .
C . Mechanical Properties . . . . . . .
D . Regulation of Cardiac Activity . . . . .
IV . General Properties of the Cardiovascular System . .
A . Cardiac Output . . . . . . . .
B . Blood Volume . . . . . . . . .
C . Blood Distribution . . . . . . . .
D . Skeletal Muscle Circulation . . . . . .
A . Acetylcholine . . . . . . . . .
B . Atropine . . . . . . . . . .
C . Catecholamines
. . . . . . . .
D . Reserpine . . . . . . . . . .
E . Eptatretin
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F . Histamine . . . . . . . . . .
H . Renin and Angiotensin I1 . . . . . .
I . Oxytocin and Vasopressin . . . . . .
J . Urophysial Extracts . . . . . . . .
References
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V . The Effects of Some Substances on the Circulatory System
G . 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)
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I . INTRODUCTION
Mott (1957) reviewed the literature on the cardiovascular system of
fishes and noted the fragmentary nature of available information . Since
Mott’s review many of the techniques of mammalian circulatory physiology have been applied to fishes. and much more information is now
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