72
IVAN COODRODY
this pigment is not suspended in fluid-filled vacuoles, but is in granular
form invcst
(1939) this is only true of certain clew orange morula cells in a few
species. I n Ascidia mentula Webb found that in true orange cells the
pigment exists in the form of flat elliptical plates showing strong birefringence ; he also found it to be soluble in water and acetone, but not in
other organic solvents, and t h a t i t is stable to most oxidizing agents.
Webb conc*lrrdcd that the pigment in A. wtentula and several other
apecies could not be i~ cnrotwoid. Endean (1960) found orange cells
Species
-__ -
~ _ _ _
_ -
Ascidia niqra
83.4 x 103
!1%5
4.!) 0.4
Vallee, 1967a
Plrallu8ia nianmillafa
68.0 x LO’’
!)2
7-0
Rnro
Endoan, 1960
Pgiira atoloniJeru
37.0 x lo3
90
3.0
5.0
Endean, 1 0 5 5 ~
Halocynthia atrranlizrni
17.24 x lo3 43.7
5‘3
5.0
Smith, 107011
with similar properties in Phallusicz mammillaata and concluded that
somc of the contents were melmin. Melanin has also been reported in
the orange cells of Giona intestinalis by PBrh (1943). The rcsistance of
the orange pigment to many reagents was also noted by Cudnot (1891,
quoted by Webb, 1939) and George (1939), but its precise nature remaiiis uncertain. Some vanadium compounds are orange or red in
colour (Sidgwick, 1950) and it is possible that the orange pigment is
a by-product of vanadium metabolism in the animal.
(h) Nephrocytes. These are large cells up to 20 p in diameter and contain granules or larger concretions of a purine nature, bathed in fluidfilled vacuoles. (For further details see George, 1939.) They are further
discussed on p. 82.
This confusing array of blood cell typcs can be rationalized into four
groups comprising (1) lymphocytes; (2) morula cells and their precursors, the signet-ring and compartment cells ; (3) amoebocytes ; (4)
IVAN COODRODY
this pigment is not suspended in fluid-filled vacuoles, but is in granular
form invcst
(1939) this is only true of certain clew orange morula cells in a few
species. I n Ascidia mentula Webb found that in true orange cells the
pigment exists in the form of flat elliptical plates showing strong birefringence ; he also found it to be soluble in water and acetone, but not in
other organic solvents, and t h a t i t is stable to most oxidizing agents.
Webb conc*lrrdcd that the pigment in A. wtentula and several other
apecies could not be i~ cnrotwoid. Endean (1960) found orange cells
Species
-__ -
~ _ _ _
_ -
Ascidia niqra
83.4 x 103
!1%5
4.!) 0.4
Vallee, 1967a
Plrallu8ia nianmillafa
68.0 x LO’’
!)2
7-0
Rnro
Endoan, 1960
Pgiira atoloniJeru
37.0 x lo3
90
3.0
5.0
Endean, 1 0 5 5 ~
Halocynthia atrranlizrni
17.24 x lo3 43.7
5‘3
5.0
Smith, 107011
with similar properties in Phallusicz mammillaata and concluded that
somc of the contents were melmin. Melanin has also been reported in
the orange cells of Giona intestinalis by PBrh (1943). The rcsistance of
the orange pigment to many reagents was also noted by Cudnot (1891,
quoted by Webb, 1939) and George (1939), but its precise nature remaiiis uncertain. Some vanadium compounds are orange or red in
colour (Sidgwick, 1950) and it is possible that the orange pigment is
a by-product of vanadium metabolism in the animal.
(h) Nephrocytes. These are large cells up to 20 p in diameter and contain granules or larger concretions of a purine nature, bathed in fluidfilled vacuoles. (For further details see George, 1939.) They are further
discussed on p. 82.
This confusing array of blood cell typcs can be rationalized into four
groups comprising (1) lymphocytes; (2) morula cells and their precursors, the signet-ring and compartment cells ; (3) amoebocytes ; (4)