308
MAKO‘I’O OMOR1
(Omori. unpublishrd). The st;Liidiiig stwk of S . sirnilis Reems to be
gre;Lt, tclso on the stw1) s l o p of thc wnyons off the west coast of the
United Stittm. The potmitiid stocks of Nergia prehensilis off Japan and
of S e r f p t r s nrctiws in the northern North Atlantic deserve to be
explored.
In Chile the fishery of “ langostino ”, which includes two galatheid
~pc*cics, I!c.rvinrurda johni I’ortw aiitl PlPuroncodes monodon, reaches
itbout I 0 000 toris yearly. lmighurst ( 1 968) postulated that the
ti nexp I o i ted p( )pi I luti on of I’leu~on codos plaaipes, which occurs in vast
pelagic swiirtns as post-litrvite or adolescents at the southern end of the
Califoroia (:urrent and in the Gulf of California, could produce similar
or gretbter yields. He states it is possible that a demersal fishery for
this specie-s will be developed soon, and it is also possible that the
finhing mu.y indude ~xploit~;~tion of the prlagic phase, though this
wenis less iirwticviblc.
XI. SUMMARY
1. Present knowledge of the biology and ecology of pelagic shrimps
is summarized using all available literature and our data.
2. The ~iumbor of species which pass their permanent life in the
pelagic phase is less than 210, and they belong to the Natantia Macrura.
Most, of t,liescx itre incl utled in the sit bfamilies Aristeinae and Sergestinae
of thc wotion I’ciiit&lca 01’ t,he fiimilies Yasiphucidne, Oplophoridae
itnd 1’;iiidi~licl;~r of the section Chkleil.
:j. ‘l’hc geniis &-gustes s. 1 . is divided into two genera Rergestes and
Serfyin. 8erqPste.s is distinguished by the semitransparent body and
the prrsencr of specialized luminescent modifications of the gastrohepatic g11-m~ (the organs of PestiL). Nergia includes both half-red and
all-red species, but in many oases with dermd photophores.
4. The members of thc genera rlcetes, Yeisos and Lucifer itre
pelagic shrimps inhabiting inshore or ncritic waters. A few species
of the pentw k’unchrrlia, Se~geslex. S ~ r p i a and PasiphaPa also occur on
shelf watrr on occasion. Offshore or occaiiic inhabitants are represented by the genera Uenthec?clPri?LPitI(i, G‘ennadas, h”%rgextes, b’erqia,
Petalidium , Oplophorm, A rant hrphyra, Hyrnen,odorn, S‘ystellnspi8 and
l’arapnndulus.
The
famid divcwity incwmses from t h siib-polar regions to the tropical
regions, iirid rich ocrurrenoc of spcoics is seen in the temperate, subtropical and tropicd regioris. The oc(~anic, I)athypelagiu specie6 have
wide geogrwphic: distributions, ivhereils t,hc neritic, epipelagic qxeciee
5. Pelagic. shrimps are irl~nost i~bwiit i n the polar regions.
MAKO‘I’O OMOR1
(Omori. unpublishrd). The st;Liidiiig stwk of S . sirnilis Reems to be
gre;Lt, tclso on the stw1) s l o p of thc wnyons off the west coast of the
United Stittm. The potmitiid stocks of Nergia prehensilis off Japan and
of S e r f p t r s nrctiws in the northern North Atlantic deserve to be
explored.
In Chile the fishery of “ langostino ”, which includes two galatheid
~pc*cics, I!c.rvinrurda johni I’ortw aiitl PlPuroncodes monodon, reaches
itbout I 0 000 toris yearly. lmighurst ( 1 968) postulated that the
ti nexp I o i ted p( )pi I luti on of I’leu~on codos plaaipes, which occurs in vast
pelagic swiirtns as post-litrvite or adolescents at the southern end of the
Califoroia (:urrent and in the Gulf of California, could produce similar
or gretbter yields. He states it is possible that a demersal fishery for
this specie-s will be developed soon, and it is also possible that the
finhing mu.y indude ~xploit~;~tion of the prlagic phase, though this
wenis less iirwticviblc.
XI. SUMMARY
1. Present knowledge of the biology and ecology of pelagic shrimps
is summarized using all available literature and our data.
2. The ~iumbor of species which pass their permanent life in the
pelagic phase is less than 210, and they belong to the Natantia Macrura.
Most, of t,liescx itre incl utled in the sit bfamilies Aristeinae and Sergestinae
of thc wotion I’ciiit&lca 01’ t,he fiimilies Yasiphucidne, Oplophoridae
itnd 1’;iiidi~licl;~r of the section Chkleil.
:j. ‘l’hc geniis &-gustes s. 1 . is divided into two genera Rergestes and
Serfyin. 8erqPste.s is distinguished by the semitransparent body and
the prrsencr of specialized luminescent modifications of the gastrohepatic g11-m~ (the organs of PestiL). Nergia includes both half-red and
all-red species, but in many oases with dermd photophores.
4. The members of thc genera rlcetes, Yeisos and Lucifer itre
pelagic shrimps inhabiting inshore or ncritic waters. A few species
of the pentw k’unchrrlia, Se~geslex. S ~ r p i a and PasiphaPa also occur on
shelf watrr on occasion. Offshore or occaiiic inhabitants are represented by the genera Uenthec?clPri?LPitI(i, G‘ennadas, h”%rgextes, b’erqia,
Petalidium , Oplophorm, A rant hrphyra, Hyrnen,odorn, S‘ystellnspi8 and
l’arapnndulus.
The
famid divcwity incwmses from t h siib-polar regions to the tropical
regions, iirid rich ocrurrenoc of spcoics is seen in the temperate, subtropical and tropicd regioris. The oc(~anic, I)athypelagiu specie6 have
wide geogrwphic: distributions, ivhereils t,hc neritic, epipelagic qxeciee
5. Pelagic. shrimps are irl~nost i~bwiit i n the polar regions.