'IWE 13101.OOY OC PELA(I1C HHRlMYS IN THE OCEAN
301
prccntage o f dry weight by taking dry weight equivalent of the shrimp
biomass, 5.2. On the wliole, lipid appears to be more variable than
protein; it vwios frotn %2y0 of dr,y weight for Amnthephyra purpuren
to 72.8 yo for Pattclidiurn folimcuni . 1 ts hus been known for many species
of copepods and euphnusiids th;Lt, in general the lipid contents of the
mimills living i i i higher ltititiicles are larger than those of animals
living in wrhtor of higher tcbmperaturcb, and that in any one sea area
there are scilsotiirl VarititionrJ in thc anioiirit of lipid, as well as protein,
carbon and nitropn, present in w~imals, which appoar to be related to
the b r d i n g and growth of those animals. Differences in the lipid
content between sexes are also obvious in adults. However, the data
on shrimps ere apparently too small for discussion of these problems.
The i n d i v i d d variations are considerable indeed. Fisher (1 962)
suggested that the percentage of lipid present in Amnthephyra perk&
(LLH A . hueckeli) and A . purpurea tended to increase with the size of the
rtiiirnal. III acltlitioa, the values in Table VIII indicate that deep-living
species have relatively highor lipid contents than the shallow-living
ones. This in formation may indicate that lipid of the deep-living
species in primsrily a reserve energy store for the developing embryos
and larviw and secondarily an aid to buoyancy, but this must be
tmvpted with rescww.tion until fiirther analyses are available.
Imvis ( 1967) studied the ftLtty aoid composition of a number' of
fish and ~riista(~eans frotri various depths and found that the percwitiigcs of' medium chain saturated and long chain polyunsaturated
: i d s decrecised with increasing depth, while oleic wid (18 : 1) increased.
The highest level of the oleic acid was determined in the bathypelagic
shrimp A cnnthephyrn curtirostris, being 72%, and 77% of the total
fatty avitls. 111 this connection, the proportion of oleic acid in (fev~nahs
vnl~aa, SPrgmtes corniculum anti Acanthephyra purpurea constit ufed
23- 28o/b, whercas in Oplophorue ,spirwsus, ,4 wnthephyra acanthitebonis
and Spkllaspis dehili,p it amouiited to over 37% of the total fatty
wid8 ((Ailkin a i d Morris, 1969). J,ewis statcxi that the high proportions
of the 18: 1 acid are almost certainly due to the presence of large
nmounts of wax wtt:rs.
In hct. it has been found by several workers that the occurrence
of wax (.steta in the lipid of marine animals varies considerably among
ciit€'erent species living in different depths and localities. The results
of their detcraiinirtions suggest that the wax esters are laid down by the
tuiitnuls living in tweas of low food density, where energy conservation
is iniportmt. as energy reserves and partly to achieve a more neutral
buoytliiq~ (Ncvenzcl et aE., 1969; Nevenzel, 1970; Lee et d., 1971). At
ti subt8ropicul station Lee et al. (1971) showed the wax enkrs were a
301
prccntage o f dry weight by taking dry weight equivalent of the shrimp
biomass, 5.2. On the wliole, lipid appears to be more variable than
protein; it vwios frotn %2y0 of dr,y weight for Amnthephyra purpuren
to 72.8 yo for Pattclidiurn folimcuni . 1 ts hus been known for many species
of copepods and euphnusiids th;Lt, in general the lipid contents of the
mimills living i i i higher ltititiicles are larger than those of animals
living in wrhtor of higher tcbmperaturcb, and that in any one sea area
there are scilsotiirl VarititionrJ in thc anioiirit of lipid, as well as protein,
carbon and nitropn, present in w~imals, which appoar to be related to
the b r d i n g and growth of those animals. Differences in the lipid
content between sexes are also obvious in adults. However, the data
on shrimps ere apparently too small for discussion of these problems.
The i n d i v i d d variations are considerable indeed. Fisher (1 962)
suggested that the percentage of lipid present in Amnthephyra perk&
(LLH A . hueckeli) and A . purpurea tended to increase with the size of the
rtiiirnal. III acltlitioa, the values in Table VIII indicate that deep-living
species have relatively highor lipid contents than the shallow-living
ones. This in formation may indicate that lipid of the deep-living
species in primsrily a reserve energy store for the developing embryos
and larviw and secondarily an aid to buoyancy, but this must be
tmvpted with rescww.tion until fiirther analyses are available.
Imvis ( 1967) studied the ftLtty aoid composition of a number' of
fish and ~riista(~eans frotri various depths and found that the percwitiigcs of' medium chain saturated and long chain polyunsaturated
: i d s decrecised with increasing depth, while oleic wid (18 : 1) increased.
The highest level of the oleic acid was determined in the bathypelagic
shrimp A cnnthephyrn curtirostris, being 72%, and 77% of the total
fatty avitls. 111 this connection, the proportion of oleic acid in (fev~nahs
vnl~aa, SPrgmtes corniculum anti Acanthephyra purpurea constit ufed
23- 28o/b, whercas in Oplophorue ,spirwsus, ,4 wnthephyra acanthitebonis
and Spkllaspis dehili,p it amouiited to over 37% of the total fatty
wid8 ((Ailkin a i d Morris, 1969). J,ewis statcxi that the high proportions
of the 18: 1 acid are almost certainly due to the presence of large
nmounts of wax wtt:rs.
In hct. it has been found by several workers that the occurrence
of wax (.steta in the lipid of marine animals varies considerably among
ciit€'erent species living in different depths and localities. The results
of their detcraiinirtions suggest that the wax esters are laid down by the
tuiitnuls living in tweas of low food density, where energy conservation
is iniportmt. as energy reserves and partly to achieve a more neutral
buoytliiq~ (Ncvenzcl et aE., 1969; Nevenzel, 1970; Lee et d., 1971). At
ti subt8ropicul station Lee et al. (1971) showed the wax enkrs were a