290
A. NELSON-SMITH
on grazing molluscs and the algal cover which they normally control
indicate that in regions where this is repeated too often, rocky shores
might become permanently covered with a slippery and unsightly
growth of seaweeds, while adjacent sandy shores could lose the services
of those scavengers which usually remove unpleasant debris. Thus the
amenities which repeated (‘ cleansing ” is intended to preserve might,
in the long term, suffer ever1 greater damage.
Outstanding problems in the purely biological and technical fields
of oil pollution have been summed up by Arthur (1968). Concluding
his account of the part played by the Plymouth laboratory in the
‘( Torrey Canyon ” affair, Smith (1968) called for a higher degree of
co-ordination between government agencies, the oil and shipping
industries, and biological interests ; Lord Geddes, summing up the
scientific deliberations of the Rome Conference (1968), extended this
plea to the international field. Administrative and legislative action,
although always lagging well behind scientific discovery, is nevertheless essential to its practical application and control and there are
significant advances to be rnade in this area, too. Dr. Giovanni Spagnolli said, in closing that Conference, “ technical progress threatens to
upset the normal balance of nature and the adoption of legal, technical
and administrative measures to prevent and check pollution is a matter
of urgency ”.
VII. REFERENCES
Abhott, B. C. and Straughan, D. M. (1969). Biological and oceanographic effects
of oil spillage in the Santa Barbara Channel following the 1969 blowout.
Mar. Pollut. Bull., Newcastle, no. 13,4-9.
Abhott, M. B. (1961). Containing oil spills with a pneumatic barrier. Dock Harb.
Adam, N. K. (1936). The pollution of the sea and shore by oil. Report to Council,
Royal Society, London.
Aldrich, E. C. (1938). A recent oil pollution and its effects on the waterbirds in
the San Francisco Bay area. Bird Lore, 40, 110-1 14.
Aljakrinskaya, I. 0. (1966). On the behaviour and filtering abilitty of the Black
Sea Mytilus galloprovin,cialis in oil-polluted waters (in Russian). Zool. Zh.
45, 998-1003.
American Merchant Marine Institnte (1953). Oil pollution manual. (Jointly with
American Petroleum Institute, Pacific American Steamship Ass. and Pacific
American Tankship Ass.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
4. Sampling and analysis of waste water. New York (2nd edn.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
3. Chemical wastes. New York (4th edn.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
1 . Waste water containing oil. New York (7th edn.).
Auth. 42(12), 259-260.
American Petroleum Institute (1957).
American Petroleum Institute (1960).
American Petroleum Institute (1963).
A. NELSON-SMITH
on grazing molluscs and the algal cover which they normally control
indicate that in regions where this is repeated too often, rocky shores
might become permanently covered with a slippery and unsightly
growth of seaweeds, while adjacent sandy shores could lose the services
of those scavengers which usually remove unpleasant debris. Thus the
amenities which repeated (‘ cleansing ” is intended to preserve might,
in the long term, suffer ever1 greater damage.
Outstanding problems in the purely biological and technical fields
of oil pollution have been summed up by Arthur (1968). Concluding
his account of the part played by the Plymouth laboratory in the
‘( Torrey Canyon ” affair, Smith (1968) called for a higher degree of
co-ordination between government agencies, the oil and shipping
industries, and biological interests ; Lord Geddes, summing up the
scientific deliberations of the Rome Conference (1968), extended this
plea to the international field. Administrative and legislative action,
although always lagging well behind scientific discovery, is nevertheless essential to its practical application and control and there are
significant advances to be rnade in this area, too. Dr. Giovanni Spagnolli said, in closing that Conference, “ technical progress threatens to
upset the normal balance of nature and the adoption of legal, technical
and administrative measures to prevent and check pollution is a matter
of urgency ”.
VII. REFERENCES
Abhott, B. C. and Straughan, D. M. (1969). Biological and oceanographic effects
of oil spillage in the Santa Barbara Channel following the 1969 blowout.
Mar. Pollut. Bull., Newcastle, no. 13,4-9.
Abhott, M. B. (1961). Containing oil spills with a pneumatic barrier. Dock Harb.
Adam, N. K. (1936). The pollution of the sea and shore by oil. Report to Council,
Royal Society, London.
Aldrich, E. C. (1938). A recent oil pollution and its effects on the waterbirds in
the San Francisco Bay area. Bird Lore, 40, 110-1 14.
Aljakrinskaya, I. 0. (1966). On the behaviour and filtering abilitty of the Black
Sea Mytilus galloprovin,cialis in oil-polluted waters (in Russian). Zool. Zh.
45, 998-1003.
American Merchant Marine Institnte (1953). Oil pollution manual. (Jointly with
American Petroleum Institute, Pacific American Steamship Ass. and Pacific
American Tankship Ass.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
4. Sampling and analysis of waste water. New York (2nd edn.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
3. Chemical wastes. New York (4th edn.).
Manual on disposal of refinery wastes.
1 . Waste water containing oil. New York (7th edn.).
Auth. 42(12), 259-260.
American Petroleum Institute (1957).
American Petroleum Institute (1960).
American Petroleum Institute (1963).