3. DISTRIBUTION AND SYNONYMY
75
in the west it is found south of 45"N to off Venezuela while in the east
it is present off the coast of Portugal, throughout most of the Mediterranean, and off the northwest African coast. There then appears to be
a gap because it has not been recorded between 10"N and about 5"s.
Tattersall found it off the South American coast a t about 15"s and
Boden off the African coast a t about 5"s ; it then occurs southwards to
about 40"s. Pacific: it is present in the North Pacific between about
18"N and 42"N but is not found in the South Pacific although Ponomareva says it occurs " from 53"N to 28"s with a gap in the range from
20"N to 10"-5"s ". Indian: present between about l0"N and 35" to
40"s in the west, between about 20"s and 40"s in the east but has not
been recorded from the East Indian Archipelago. Lives mostly between
280 and 700 m depth during the day, above 140 m at night. Length
11-16 mm. (Tattersall, 1913, 1924, 1927, 1936c; Hansen, 1915; Colosi,
1922b; Illig, 1930; Leavitt, 1935, 1938; Ruud, 1936; Moore, 1949,
1950, 1952 ; Lebour, 1950 ; Boden, 1954, 1961a ; Lewis, 1954 ; Dion and
Nouvel, 1960; Bacescu and Mayer, 1961 ; Legar6,1961; Brinton, 1962a;
Kinzer, 1963 ; Ponomareva, 1963 ; Soulier, 1963a,b ; Baker, 1965 ;
Nemoto, 1965 ; Casanova-Soulier, 1968b.)
Euphausia spinifera G. 0. Sars, 1883
E. spinifera G. 0. Sars, 188313 : 18 ; 1885 : 93-95, pl. xvi, figs. 9-16; Hansen,
1911: 35; Zimmer, 1914: 429; Tattersall, 1924: 26; 1925: 8, pl. ii, fig. 5 ; Illig,
1930 : 503 ; John, 1936 : 225-228, figs. 19-20, 28b. E . schotti Ortmann, 1893 :
13, pl. vii, figs. 8-88. E. Zongirostris Illig, 1930: 504-507, figs. 183-190.
E. spinifera occurs in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans
between about 35"s and 50"s in the colder subtropical water southwards
to the subtropical convergence (Fig. 25). Grows to 21-29 mm. (Sars,
1885; Hansen, 1911; Tattersall, 1924, 1925; Illig, 1930; Rustad, 1930;
John, 1936 ; Boden, 1954 ; Baker, 1965 ; Grindley and Penrith, 1965.)
Euphausia hanseni Zimmer, 191 5
E . hanseni Zimmer, 1915 : 180-182, figs. 38-41 ; Illig, 1930 : 503 ; John, 1936 :
223-225, figs. 18, 28a.
This species is restricted to the Atlantic Coast of Africa where it
has been found between 26"N and about 33"s off Cape Town (Fig. 25).
Length 19-27 mm. (Illig, 1930; John, 1936; Boden, 1954, 1961a;
Nepgen, 1957.)
Euphausia longirostris Hansen, 1908
E . Zongirostris Hansen, 1908b: 4-5, pl. i, fig. 1, a-c; 1913: 35, pl. v, fig. 3,
a-d ; Tattersall, 1913 : 877 ; 1924 : 22-26, pl. i, figs. 1-7, pl. ii, figs. 1-4 ; Zimmer,
75
in the west it is found south of 45"N to off Venezuela while in the east
it is present off the coast of Portugal, throughout most of the Mediterranean, and off the northwest African coast. There then appears to be
a gap because it has not been recorded between 10"N and about 5"s.
Tattersall found it off the South American coast a t about 15"s and
Boden off the African coast a t about 5"s ; it then occurs southwards to
about 40"s. Pacific: it is present in the North Pacific between about
18"N and 42"N but is not found in the South Pacific although Ponomareva says it occurs " from 53"N to 28"s with a gap in the range from
20"N to 10"-5"s ". Indian: present between about l0"N and 35" to
40"s in the west, between about 20"s and 40"s in the east but has not
been recorded from the East Indian Archipelago. Lives mostly between
280 and 700 m depth during the day, above 140 m at night. Length
11-16 mm. (Tattersall, 1913, 1924, 1927, 1936c; Hansen, 1915; Colosi,
1922b; Illig, 1930; Leavitt, 1935, 1938; Ruud, 1936; Moore, 1949,
1950, 1952 ; Lebour, 1950 ; Boden, 1954, 1961a ; Lewis, 1954 ; Dion and
Nouvel, 1960; Bacescu and Mayer, 1961 ; Legar6,1961; Brinton, 1962a;
Kinzer, 1963 ; Ponomareva, 1963 ; Soulier, 1963a,b ; Baker, 1965 ;
Nemoto, 1965 ; Casanova-Soulier, 1968b.)
Euphausia spinifera G. 0. Sars, 1883
E. spinifera G. 0. Sars, 188313 : 18 ; 1885 : 93-95, pl. xvi, figs. 9-16; Hansen,
1911: 35; Zimmer, 1914: 429; Tattersall, 1924: 26; 1925: 8, pl. ii, fig. 5 ; Illig,
1930 : 503 ; John, 1936 : 225-228, figs. 19-20, 28b. E . schotti Ortmann, 1893 :
13, pl. vii, figs. 8-88. E. Zongirostris Illig, 1930: 504-507, figs. 183-190.
E. spinifera occurs in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans
between about 35"s and 50"s in the colder subtropical water southwards
to the subtropical convergence (Fig. 25). Grows to 21-29 mm. (Sars,
1885; Hansen, 1911; Tattersall, 1924, 1925; Illig, 1930; Rustad, 1930;
John, 1936 ; Boden, 1954 ; Baker, 1965 ; Grindley and Penrith, 1965.)
Euphausia hanseni Zimmer, 191 5
E . hanseni Zimmer, 1915 : 180-182, figs. 38-41 ; Illig, 1930 : 503 ; John, 1936 :
223-225, figs. 18, 28a.
This species is restricted to the Atlantic Coast of Africa where it
has been found between 26"N and about 33"s off Cape Town (Fig. 25).
Length 19-27 mm. (Illig, 1930; John, 1936; Boden, 1954, 1961a;
Nepgen, 1957.)
Euphausia longirostris Hansen, 1908
E . Zongirostris Hansen, 1908b: 4-5, pl. i, fig. 1, a-c; 1913: 35, pl. v, fig. 3,
a-d ; Tattersall, 1913 : 877 ; 1924 : 22-26, pl. i, figs. 1-7, pl. ii, figs. 1-4 ; Zimmer,