3. DISTRIBUTION AND SYNONYMY
65
Bary, 1956; Nepgen, 1957; Brinton, 1962a; Baker, 1965; Grindley and
Penrith, 1965.)
Euphausia frigida Hansen, 191 1
E. frigida Hansen, 1911: 27-28, fig. 9 ; 1913: 30, pl. iii, fig. 4, a-b, pl. iv,
fig. 1, a-d; Zimmer, 1914: 427; Tattersall, 1924: 20; Rustad, 1930: 33, 43,
46-54, figs. 27-34 ; 1934 : 13-18, 34 ; Ruud, 1932 : 52-54 ; Mackintosh, 1934 : 76 ;
Hardy and Gunther, 1935; John, 1936: 214-216, figs. 10, 11, 15 ,30c. (nec Illig,
1930: 498). Euphausia sp. Tattersall, 1908a: 14; E . splendens Calman, 1901:
23. E. crystallorophias Illig, 1930: 500, fig. 182 (partim).
This species has a circumpolar distribution in the Antarctic and is
not found north of the Antarctic Convergence (Fig. 21). Its distribution
is therefore similar to that of E. superba. (Rustad, 1930, 1934; Baker,
1965.)
Euphausia pacijca Hansen, 191 1
E. pnci$ca Hansen, 1911 : 28-29, fig. 10; 1912: 241-242, pl. vii, fig. 5, a-b;
Esterly, 1914a: 6-7, pl. i, figs. 9-11, pl. ii, figs. 18, 19, 23, 27, 29; Banner, 1950:
33-36 ; Boden et al., 1955 : 333-335, fig. 24.
This species is restricted to the North Pacific where it is the sole
representative of the genus Euphausia (Fig. 21). It occurs across the
southern part of the Bering Sea, in the southern part of the Sea of
Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan southwards to about 30"N. The populations
are densest in the North Pacific Drift and the Aleutian Current and
southeastwards off the Californian Coast in the California Current. The
southern limit of its distribution is 9.5"C isotherm a t 200 m depth.
Occurs mainly above 300m depth during the day, frequently found
deeper, but moves nearer the surface a t night. Males grow to 22 mm,
females to 25 mm. (Brinton, 1962a ; Nemoto, 1962a ; Ponomareva,
1963.)
Euphausia nana Brinton, 1962
E. nana Brinton, 1962b : 167-174, figs. 1-3.
This species was only recognized and separated from the closely
allied species, E . pacijca, by Brinton in 1962. It is present off southern
Japan and in the East China Sea (Fig. 21). Seems to occur below 300 m
depth during the day, but between 140m depth and the surface at
night. Length 7.3-8.5 mm. (Brinton, 1962a,b.)
Euphausia crystallorophias Holt and Tattersall, 1906
E. crystallorophias Holt and Tattersall, 1906b : 3-4 ; Tattersall, 190% : 9-12,
pl. ii, figs. 1-10, pl. iv, fig. 10; 1918: 6 ; 1924: 19; Hansen, 1908b: 6, pl. i, fig. 3,
65
Bary, 1956; Nepgen, 1957; Brinton, 1962a; Baker, 1965; Grindley and
Penrith, 1965.)
Euphausia frigida Hansen, 191 1
E. frigida Hansen, 1911: 27-28, fig. 9 ; 1913: 30, pl. iii, fig. 4, a-b, pl. iv,
fig. 1, a-d; Zimmer, 1914: 427; Tattersall, 1924: 20; Rustad, 1930: 33, 43,
46-54, figs. 27-34 ; 1934 : 13-18, 34 ; Ruud, 1932 : 52-54 ; Mackintosh, 1934 : 76 ;
Hardy and Gunther, 1935; John, 1936: 214-216, figs. 10, 11, 15 ,30c. (nec Illig,
1930: 498). Euphausia sp. Tattersall, 1908a: 14; E . splendens Calman, 1901:
23. E. crystallorophias Illig, 1930: 500, fig. 182 (partim).
This species has a circumpolar distribution in the Antarctic and is
not found north of the Antarctic Convergence (Fig. 21). Its distribution
is therefore similar to that of E. superba. (Rustad, 1930, 1934; Baker,
1965.)
Euphausia pacijca Hansen, 191 1
E. pnci$ca Hansen, 1911 : 28-29, fig. 10; 1912: 241-242, pl. vii, fig. 5, a-b;
Esterly, 1914a: 6-7, pl. i, figs. 9-11, pl. ii, figs. 18, 19, 23, 27, 29; Banner, 1950:
33-36 ; Boden et al., 1955 : 333-335, fig. 24.
This species is restricted to the North Pacific where it is the sole
representative of the genus Euphausia (Fig. 21). It occurs across the
southern part of the Bering Sea, in the southern part of the Sea of
Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan southwards to about 30"N. The populations
are densest in the North Pacific Drift and the Aleutian Current and
southeastwards off the Californian Coast in the California Current. The
southern limit of its distribution is 9.5"C isotherm a t 200 m depth.
Occurs mainly above 300m depth during the day, frequently found
deeper, but moves nearer the surface a t night. Males grow to 22 mm,
females to 25 mm. (Brinton, 1962a ; Nemoto, 1962a ; Ponomareva,
1963.)
Euphausia nana Brinton, 1962
E. nana Brinton, 1962b : 167-174, figs. 1-3.
This species was only recognized and separated from the closely
allied species, E . pacijca, by Brinton in 1962. It is present off southern
Japan and in the East China Sea (Fig. 21). Seems to occur below 300 m
depth during the day, but between 140m depth and the surface at
night. Length 7.3-8.5 mm. (Brinton, 1962a,b.)
Euphausia crystallorophias Holt and Tattersall, 1906
E. crystallorophias Holt and Tattersall, 1906b : 3-4 ; Tattersall, 190% : 9-12,
pl. ii, figs. 1-10, pl. iv, fig. 10; 1918: 6 ; 1924: 19; Hansen, 1908b: 6, pl. i, fig. 3,