62
THE BIOLOGY OF EUPHAUSIIDS
This species occurs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but has not
been found in the Atlantic (Fig. 20). Pacific : present in the Equatorial
Water Mass, in the east ranging from 22"N to IS'S, in the west from
about 38"N to IS'S, extending northwards in the Kuroshio Extension.
Its distribution is similar to those of Nematoscelis gracilis (Fig. 28) and
Stylocheiron microphthalma (Fig. 34). Indian : present in Red Sea and
Gulf of Oman and throughout the northern Indian Ocean between
20"N and 20"s. It has been recorded from the east coast of South
Africa. Lives below 140m during the day, a t the surface at night.
Length 12-18 mm. (Hansen, 1915, 1916; Illig, 1930; Torelli, 1934;
Tattersall, 1939 ; Boden, 1954 ; Brinton, 1962a ; Ponomareva, 1963,
1964, 1968; Baker, 1965; Bannister and Baker, 1967; Roger, 196713.)
Euphausia recurva Hansen, 1905
E. recurva Hansen, 1905b: 13-14; 1912: 233-235, pl. vii, fig. 3, a-n; Boden
et al., 1955: 324-326, fig. 19.
Occurs in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans (Fig. 20).
Atlantic: Illig alone records it off northwest Africa, all other records
being between 18"s and 40"s. Pacific: a biantitropical species found
between 40"N and 20"N and again between 20"s and 40"s. It has a
similar distribution in the North Pacific to E. mutica (Fig. 18), being
present in the offshore part of the California Current and right across
the Pacific south of 40"-43"N; not present in the middle area of the
eastern central zone of the North Pacific. Indian : all records between
18"s and 40"s except three of Illig's from the northern area between
6"N and 7"s. This species may prove to be biantitropical in the
Atlantic. Occurs between 140 and 700 m depth during the day, above
100 m a t night. Length 10-15 mm, maximum about 17 mm. (Hansen,
1905b, 1915, 1916; Tattersall, 1913, 1924, 1925; Illig, 1930; Boden,
1954, 1961a; Nepgen, 1957; Brinton, 1962a; Ponomareva, 1963, 1964;
Baker, 1965 ; Grindley and Penrith, 1965.)
Euphuusia superba Dana, 1850
E . superba Dana, 1850: 133; 1852: 654, pl. lxiii, fig. 1, a-0; Sars, 1885:
84-85, pl. xiv, figs. 5-9; Holt and Tattersall, 1906b: 2-3; Coutihre, 1906: 8 ;
Tattersall, 190th: 4, pl. I, figs. 1-12; 1913: 875; 1918: 6 ; 1924: 18; Hansen,
1908b: 3, 7, pl. 1, fig. 4, a-m; 1913: 27, pl. iv, fig. 2, a-g; 1915: 79; Zimmer,
1913 : 65-128, pls. viii-xiv, figs. 1-5 ; 1914 : 424; Illig, 1930 : 497-498 ; Rustad,
1930: 39-42, figs, 20-26; 1934: 11-12; Mackintosh, 1934: 76 ff; Hardy and
Gunther, 1935 ; John, 1936 : 216-220, figs. 13-14,16,30d. E . murrayi G. 0. Sars,
1883b : 14-15 ; 1885 : 82-84, pl. xiv, figs. 1-4 : E. antarctica G. 0. Sars, 188313 :
16; 1885: 86-87, pl. xv, figs. 1-8. E . glacialis Hodgson, 1902: 236, pl. xxx,
@ZL 1-8, Eit Clzccrtrdi~ Hodggon, 1903: 238, pl. XXX, fig. 9.
THE BIOLOGY OF EUPHAUSIIDS
This species occurs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but has not
been found in the Atlantic (Fig. 20). Pacific : present in the Equatorial
Water Mass, in the east ranging from 22"N to IS'S, in the west from
about 38"N to IS'S, extending northwards in the Kuroshio Extension.
Its distribution is similar to those of Nematoscelis gracilis (Fig. 28) and
Stylocheiron microphthalma (Fig. 34). Indian : present in Red Sea and
Gulf of Oman and throughout the northern Indian Ocean between
20"N and 20"s. It has been recorded from the east coast of South
Africa. Lives below 140m during the day, a t the surface at night.
Length 12-18 mm. (Hansen, 1915, 1916; Illig, 1930; Torelli, 1934;
Tattersall, 1939 ; Boden, 1954 ; Brinton, 1962a ; Ponomareva, 1963,
1964, 1968; Baker, 1965; Bannister and Baker, 1967; Roger, 196713.)
Euphausia recurva Hansen, 1905
E. recurva Hansen, 1905b: 13-14; 1912: 233-235, pl. vii, fig. 3, a-n; Boden
et al., 1955: 324-326, fig. 19.
Occurs in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans (Fig. 20).
Atlantic: Illig alone records it off northwest Africa, all other records
being between 18"s and 40"s. Pacific: a biantitropical species found
between 40"N and 20"N and again between 20"s and 40"s. It has a
similar distribution in the North Pacific to E. mutica (Fig. 18), being
present in the offshore part of the California Current and right across
the Pacific south of 40"-43"N; not present in the middle area of the
eastern central zone of the North Pacific. Indian : all records between
18"s and 40"s except three of Illig's from the northern area between
6"N and 7"s. This species may prove to be biantitropical in the
Atlantic. Occurs between 140 and 700 m depth during the day, above
100 m a t night. Length 10-15 mm, maximum about 17 mm. (Hansen,
1905b, 1915, 1916; Tattersall, 1913, 1924, 1925; Illig, 1930; Boden,
1954, 1961a; Nepgen, 1957; Brinton, 1962a; Ponomareva, 1963, 1964;
Baker, 1965 ; Grindley and Penrith, 1965.)
Euphuusia superba Dana, 1850
E . superba Dana, 1850: 133; 1852: 654, pl. lxiii, fig. 1, a-0; Sars, 1885:
84-85, pl. xiv, figs. 5-9; Holt and Tattersall, 1906b: 2-3; Coutihre, 1906: 8 ;
Tattersall, 190th: 4, pl. I, figs. 1-12; 1913: 875; 1918: 6 ; 1924: 18; Hansen,
1908b: 3, 7, pl. 1, fig. 4, a-m; 1913: 27, pl. iv, fig. 2, a-g; 1915: 79; Zimmer,
1913 : 65-128, pls. viii-xiv, figs. 1-5 ; 1914 : 424; Illig, 1930 : 497-498 ; Rustad,
1930: 39-42, figs, 20-26; 1934: 11-12; Mackintosh, 1934: 76 ff; Hardy and
Gunther, 1935 ; John, 1936 : 216-220, figs. 13-14,16,30d. E . murrayi G. 0. Sars,
1883b : 14-15 ; 1885 : 82-84, pl. xiv, figs. 1-4 : E. antarctica G. 0. Sars, 188313 :
16; 1885: 86-87, pl. xv, figs. 1-8. E . glacialis Hodgson, 1902: 236, pl. xxx,
@ZL 1-8, Eit Clzccrtrdi~ Hodggon, 1903: 238, pl. XXX, fig. 9.