3. DISTRIBUTION AND SYNONYMY
55
Nyctiphanes capensis Hansen, 191 1
N . cupensis Hansen, 1911: 19-20; Boden, 1954: 200, fig. 8, a-d. N . australis
? N . ufricnna Zimmer, 1912: 3-4, taf. 1,
This is a neritic species confined to South African waters (Fig. 16).
Common in Sturrock Dock, Cape Town. Grows t o a length of 12 to
13 mm. (Boden, 1954; Nepgen, 1957.)
Stebbing, 1905: 113-114; 1910: 399.
figs. 1-6.
Nyctiphanes simplex Hansen, 191 1
N . simples Hansen, 1911: 20; 1912: 227-229, pl. xvi, fig. 2, a-i, pl. vii, fig. 1,
a-b; Esterly, 1914a: 9, pl. 1, figs. 6, 8, 10, 13, pl. ii, figs. 20, 25, 28, 32; Boden
et aZ., 1955: 318-320, fig. 17.
This species is present off the coast of California and also in the
region of the Peru Current off South America (Fig. 16). California : it has
been recorded off Cape Mendocino (40"N) but normally does not penetrate so far north ; occurs in Gulf of California and outside the Gulf, is
restricted to coastal regions. Peru Current : normally found between
1"-3"S and 30"s but has been recorded near 5"N in the Gulf of Panama
and as far south as 35'50's ; the populations extend westwards in the
Current to the Galapagos Islands and it has been recorded from the
South Equatorial Current at 117"W. No evidence has been found of
exchange between the Californian and Peruvian populations. Legare
has recorded it in the Gulf of Paria and the Gulf of Cariaco off the Coast
of Venezuela in the Caribbean Sea. This is the first record of this species
from the Atlantic. Occurs mainly above 100 m during the day;
performs a diurnal vertical migration. Length 11-16 mm. (LegarB,
1961 ; Brinton, 1962a.)
Genus Pseudeuphausia Hansen, 19 10 : 103
Pseudeuphausia latifrons (G. 0. Sars, 1883)
Euphausiu Zutqrons G. 0. Sars, 1883b : 19 ; 1885 : 95-97, pl. xvi, figs. 17-23.
Pseudeuphausia Zutifrons Hansen, 1910: 103-106, pl. xv, fig. 1, a-d; Boden el al.,
1955: 320-322, fig. 18. ?P. colosii Torelli, 1934 : 9-10, figs. 6-9.
This species is confined to the tropical western Pacific and Indian
Oceans (Fig. 16). It occurs in the eastern coastal regions of Japan, the
Japan Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea, the Malay Archipelago,
and the eastern coast of Australia to about 32'8. It is found between
about 25"N and 10"s in the Indian Ocean, and is present in the Red Sea.
Stebbing records it from South African waters. Commonly occurs in
shallow coastal waters or near the surface in deeper areas. Grows to
about 9 mm in length but may attain a larger size, about 12 mm, in
A,M.B.-7
3
55
Nyctiphanes capensis Hansen, 191 1
N . cupensis Hansen, 1911: 19-20; Boden, 1954: 200, fig. 8, a-d. N . australis
? N . ufricnna Zimmer, 1912: 3-4, taf. 1,
This is a neritic species confined to South African waters (Fig. 16).
Common in Sturrock Dock, Cape Town. Grows t o a length of 12 to
13 mm. (Boden, 1954; Nepgen, 1957.)
Stebbing, 1905: 113-114; 1910: 399.
figs. 1-6.
Nyctiphanes simplex Hansen, 191 1
N . simples Hansen, 1911: 20; 1912: 227-229, pl. xvi, fig. 2, a-i, pl. vii, fig. 1,
a-b; Esterly, 1914a: 9, pl. 1, figs. 6, 8, 10, 13, pl. ii, figs. 20, 25, 28, 32; Boden
et aZ., 1955: 318-320, fig. 17.
This species is present off the coast of California and also in the
region of the Peru Current off South America (Fig. 16). California : it has
been recorded off Cape Mendocino (40"N) but normally does not penetrate so far north ; occurs in Gulf of California and outside the Gulf, is
restricted to coastal regions. Peru Current : normally found between
1"-3"S and 30"s but has been recorded near 5"N in the Gulf of Panama
and as far south as 35'50's ; the populations extend westwards in the
Current to the Galapagos Islands and it has been recorded from the
South Equatorial Current at 117"W. No evidence has been found of
exchange between the Californian and Peruvian populations. Legare
has recorded it in the Gulf of Paria and the Gulf of Cariaco off the Coast
of Venezuela in the Caribbean Sea. This is the first record of this species
from the Atlantic. Occurs mainly above 100 m during the day;
performs a diurnal vertical migration. Length 11-16 mm. (LegarB,
1961 ; Brinton, 1962a.)
Genus Pseudeuphausia Hansen, 19 10 : 103
Pseudeuphausia latifrons (G. 0. Sars, 1883)
Euphausiu Zutqrons G. 0. Sars, 1883b : 19 ; 1885 : 95-97, pl. xvi, figs. 17-23.
Pseudeuphausia Zutifrons Hansen, 1910: 103-106, pl. xv, fig. 1, a-d; Boden el al.,
1955: 320-322, fig. 18. ?P. colosii Torelli, 1934 : 9-10, figs. 6-9.
This species is confined to the tropical western Pacific and Indian
Oceans (Fig. 16). It occurs in the eastern coastal regions of Japan, the
Japan Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea, the Malay Archipelago,
and the eastern coast of Australia to about 32'8. It is found between
about 25"N and 10"s in the Indian Ocean, and is present in the Red Sea.
Stebbing records it from South African waters. Commonly occurs in
shallow coastal waters or near the surface in deeper areas. Grows to
about 9 mm in length but may attain a larger size, about 12 mm, in
A,M.B.-7
3