MANAGEMENT OP FISHERY RESOURCES
41
Notable exceptions are the International Whaling Commission, the
North Pacific Fur Seal Commission, the International Pacific Halibut
Commission, the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, and the
International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission.
There are in practice marked differences in the manner in which
fishery bodies deal with any particular stock of fish. This depends to a
great extent on the functions of the body concerned.
A first category of fishery bodies comprises those which deal mainly
with the encouragement, promotion, and co-ordination of research and
which, in the course of their activities, may offer advice and make
recommendations on the need for conservation measures. Examples of
this type of body are the International Council for the Exploration of
the Sea, the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration
of the Mediterranean Sea, and the commissions and councils set up
under the Constitution of F.A.O.
A second category includes fishery bodies, the main function of
which is to formulate conservation measures on the basis of scientific
research, but this research is not normally carried out by their own
staffs (e.g. the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission, the
Joint Commission for Black Sea Fisheries, the North-East Atlantic
Fisheries Commission ; the last of these receives its scientific advice
from another international body, the International Council for the
Exploration of the Sea, included in the first category).
A third category comprises the fisheries commissions which formulate conservation measures on the basis of scientific investigations
carried out by their own staff. They are the Inter-American Tropical
Tuna Commission, the International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission, and the International Pacific Halibut Commission.
Conventions do not always specify the type of conservation and
management measures that may be formulated by the international
fishery bodies they establish. Detailed listing of conservation measures
shows that these are normally confined mainly to prohibitions and
limitations ; these include most of the measures listed at the beginning
of the previous section: open and closed seasons or areas, minimum
sizes of mesh of fishing nets, size limits of fish and regulation of the use
of certain types of fishing gear, appliances and equipment. In a few
cases, the conservation measures expressly include prescribing a
maximum or overall catch limit (e.g. International Commissjoii for the
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, International Whaling Commission, and
International Pacific Halibut Commission). Few commissions expressly
include limitation of effort, and the North-East Atlantic Fisheries
Commission places limitation of effort (and catch) in a separate, inactive,
41
Notable exceptions are the International Whaling Commission, the
North Pacific Fur Seal Commission, the International Pacific Halibut
Commission, the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, and the
International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission.
There are in practice marked differences in the manner in which
fishery bodies deal with any particular stock of fish. This depends to a
great extent on the functions of the body concerned.
A first category of fishery bodies comprises those which deal mainly
with the encouragement, promotion, and co-ordination of research and
which, in the course of their activities, may offer advice and make
recommendations on the need for conservation measures. Examples of
this type of body are the International Council for the Exploration of
the Sea, the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration
of the Mediterranean Sea, and the commissions and councils set up
under the Constitution of F.A.O.
A second category includes fishery bodies, the main function of
which is to formulate conservation measures on the basis of scientific
research, but this research is not normally carried out by their own
staffs (e.g. the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission, the
Joint Commission for Black Sea Fisheries, the North-East Atlantic
Fisheries Commission ; the last of these receives its scientific advice
from another international body, the International Council for the
Exploration of the Sea, included in the first category).
A third category comprises the fisheries commissions which formulate conservation measures on the basis of scientific investigations
carried out by their own staff. They are the Inter-American Tropical
Tuna Commission, the International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission, and the International Pacific Halibut Commission.
Conventions do not always specify the type of conservation and
management measures that may be formulated by the international
fishery bodies they establish. Detailed listing of conservation measures
shows that these are normally confined mainly to prohibitions and
limitations ; these include most of the measures listed at the beginning
of the previous section: open and closed seasons or areas, minimum
sizes of mesh of fishing nets, size limits of fish and regulation of the use
of certain types of fishing gear, appliances and equipment. In a few
cases, the conservation measures expressly include prescribing a
maximum or overall catch limit (e.g. International Commissjoii for the
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, International Whaling Commission, and
International Pacific Halibut Commission). Few commissions expressly
include limitation of effort, and the North-East Atlantic Fisheries
Commission places limitation of effort (and catch) in a separate, inactive,