REVIEW OF THE SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY OF OCEANIC SQUIDS
141
4. Nototodarus sloani hawaiiensis Berry, 1912
This is the Hawaiian representative of the cline described by Voss
(1963s). It has been taken at Hawaii and the Midway Islands (Berry,
1912c, 1914a) at depths between 400-570 m with open nets. The
largest has a mantle length of 14.7 cm (Berry, 1914a).
J. Rhynchoteuthis larvae
Although small larvae with the tentacles fused together had previously been described, Chun (1903, 1910a) was the first worker to
recognize them as young ommastrephids and to apply the name Rhynchoteuthis. The thirty-five specimens taken from the Atlantic and
Indian oceans by the Valdivia were of two types, one slender with
average sized eyes (Fig. 7 G, H, I) and the other plump with large
eyes having a clearly defined pit-like area like a fovea (J, K, L).
Because of the wide area from which these larvae were collected and
the several ommastrephid species present it seems rather doubtful if
these two “types” are in reality only two species. Other Rhynchoteuthis larvae have been described since, but few have been identified to species and these few are dealt with above in the relevant
sections.
IV. ONYCHOTEUTHIDAE
A. Onychoteuthis
1. Onychoteuthis banksi (Leach, 1817)
A large number of onychoteuthids have been reduced to synonyms
of this species by various authors and they will not be given here
(see Naef, 1923; Adam, 1952).
Widespread in warm waters (Fig. 19), this species has been recorded
from the North Atlantic and adjacent seas (LovBn, 1846; Rose, 1853;
d’orbigny, 1853; Sars, 1878; Dautzenberg, 1889; Posselt, 1890; Girard,
1890a; Norman, 1890; Lonnberg, 1891; Joubin, 1893a; 1920, 1924;
Hoyle, 1904b; Murray and Hjort, 1912; Pfeffer, 1912; Massy, 1916a,
1928a; Degner, 1925; Grimpe, 1925; Boone, 1933; Bouxin and Legendre,
1936; Jaeckel, 1937; Baines, 1938; Bruun, 1945; Rees, 1949; Adam,
1960c; Voss, 1955; 1956a,b, 1960a; Rees and Maul, 1956), the Mediterranean (Pfeffer, 1912; Issel, 1920b; Naef, 1923; Degner, 1925; Rees,
1949), the South Atlantic (Pfeffer, 1912; Odhner, 1923), the Indian
Ocean (Pfeffer, 1912; Rees, 1949), the East Indies (Pfeffer, 1912),
Philippines (Pfeffer, 1912; Elera, 1896; Boone, 1938; Voss, 1963a),
Formosa (Pfeffer, 1912; Sasaki, 1916, 1929a), east Australia (Gould,
1852; Brazier, 1892b; Cotton and Godfrey, 1940; Allan, 1945), New
141
4. Nototodarus sloani hawaiiensis Berry, 1912
This is the Hawaiian representative of the cline described by Voss
(1963s). It has been taken at Hawaii and the Midway Islands (Berry,
1912c, 1914a) at depths between 400-570 m with open nets. The
largest has a mantle length of 14.7 cm (Berry, 1914a).
J. Rhynchoteuthis larvae
Although small larvae with the tentacles fused together had previously been described, Chun (1903, 1910a) was the first worker to
recognize them as young ommastrephids and to apply the name Rhynchoteuthis. The thirty-five specimens taken from the Atlantic and
Indian oceans by the Valdivia were of two types, one slender with
average sized eyes (Fig. 7 G, H, I) and the other plump with large
eyes having a clearly defined pit-like area like a fovea (J, K, L).
Because of the wide area from which these larvae were collected and
the several ommastrephid species present it seems rather doubtful if
these two “types” are in reality only two species. Other Rhynchoteuthis larvae have been described since, but few have been identified to species and these few are dealt with above in the relevant
sections.
IV. ONYCHOTEUTHIDAE
A. Onychoteuthis
1. Onychoteuthis banksi (Leach, 1817)
A large number of onychoteuthids have been reduced to synonyms
of this species by various authors and they will not be given here
(see Naef, 1923; Adam, 1952).
Widespread in warm waters (Fig. 19), this species has been recorded
from the North Atlantic and adjacent seas (LovBn, 1846; Rose, 1853;
d’orbigny, 1853; Sars, 1878; Dautzenberg, 1889; Posselt, 1890; Girard,
1890a; Norman, 1890; Lonnberg, 1891; Joubin, 1893a; 1920, 1924;
Hoyle, 1904b; Murray and Hjort, 1912; Pfeffer, 1912; Massy, 1916a,
1928a; Degner, 1925; Grimpe, 1925; Boone, 1933; Bouxin and Legendre,
1936; Jaeckel, 1937; Baines, 1938; Bruun, 1945; Rees, 1949; Adam,
1960c; Voss, 1955; 1956a,b, 1960a; Rees and Maul, 1956), the Mediterranean (Pfeffer, 1912; Issel, 1920b; Naef, 1923; Degner, 1925; Rees,
1949), the South Atlantic (Pfeffer, 1912; Odhner, 1923), the Indian
Ocean (Pfeffer, 1912; Rees, 1949), the East Indies (Pfeffer, 1912),
Philippines (Pfeffer, 1912; Elera, 1896; Boone, 1938; Voss, 1963a),
Formosa (Pfeffer, 1912; Sasaki, 1916, 1929a), east Australia (Gould,
1852; Brazier, 1892b; Cotton and Godfrey, 1940; Allan, 1945), New