274
FINDLAY E. RUSSELL
Of the 9000 or so species of this phylum, approximately seventy
have been implicated in injuries to man, or are known to be capable of
penetrating the human skin. Among those that have inflicted injuries
on humans, or whose venom apparatus has been described in some detail
are the following; and of these the sea-wasps (Cubomedusae) and
Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia) are the most dangerous.
HYDROZOA
Medusae :
Hydroids :
Millepore corals :
Siphonophores :
SCYPHOZOA
CUBOMEDUSAE (Sea
CORONATAE :
SEMAEOSTOMAE :
RHIZOSTOMEAE :
Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sara), Pennaria tiarella (Ayres),
Olindioides formosa Goto.
Halecium beani (Johnston), Sertularia cupressina
(L.), Lytocarpus philippinus (Kirchenpauer).
Millepora alcicornis L., M . wmplanata Lamarok.
Physalia physalw (L.) (Portuguese man-of-war),
Rhinophora$liformis (Lamarck), Rhizophora eysenhardti Gegenbaur.
Wasps): Caybdea alata Reynaud, C. rastoni
Haacke, Tamoya gargantua Haeckel, Chiropsalmus quadrigatus Haeckel, Chironex jleckeri
Southcott, Tripedalia cystophora Conant.
Linuche unguiculata (Schwartz), Stephunoscyphus
racemosus (polyp of Nuusithoe punctata Kolliker).
Chrysaora quinquecirrhu (Desor), Sanderia m l a y -
ensis Goette, Cyanea capillata (L.), C. lamarcki
PBr. and Les., Pelagia noctiluca (Forskil), P.
coloruta Russell.
Rhizostoma pulmo (Macri), Lobonem smithi Mayer,
Cassiqea mrnuchana R. P. Bigelow, Acromitoides purpurus (Mayer), Catostylus mosaicus
(Quoy and Gaimard).
ANTHOZOA
ACTINIARIA (Anemones) : Actinia equina L., Segartia elegans Dalyell,
Actinothoe (Sagartia) longa (Verrill), Adamsia
palliatu (Bohadsch), Anemonia sulcata (Pennant),
Diudumene cincta Stephenson, Aiptasiomorphu
luciae (Verrill), Corymtis australis Haddon and
Duerden, Bunoductis ekgantissima (Brandt), Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt), Rhoductis
kowesii Saville Kent.
MADREPORARIA (Corals) : Acropora palrnu.ta (Lamarck).
A. Venom apparatus
The stinging unit of the cnidarian is the nematocyst, which is
formed within an interstitial cell, the cnidoblast. All members of the
FINDLAY E. RUSSELL
Of the 9000 or so species of this phylum, approximately seventy
have been implicated in injuries to man, or are known to be capable of
penetrating the human skin. Among those that have inflicted injuries
on humans, or whose venom apparatus has been described in some detail
are the following; and of these the sea-wasps (Cubomedusae) and
Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia) are the most dangerous.
HYDROZOA
Medusae :
Hydroids :
Millepore corals :
Siphonophores :
SCYPHOZOA
CUBOMEDUSAE (Sea
CORONATAE :
SEMAEOSTOMAE :
RHIZOSTOMEAE :
Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sara), Pennaria tiarella (Ayres),
Olindioides formosa Goto.
Halecium beani (Johnston), Sertularia cupressina
(L.), Lytocarpus philippinus (Kirchenpauer).
Millepora alcicornis L., M . wmplanata Lamarok.
Physalia physalw (L.) (Portuguese man-of-war),
Rhinophora$liformis (Lamarck), Rhizophora eysenhardti Gegenbaur.
Wasps): Caybdea alata Reynaud, C. rastoni
Haacke, Tamoya gargantua Haeckel, Chiropsalmus quadrigatus Haeckel, Chironex jleckeri
Southcott, Tripedalia cystophora Conant.
Linuche unguiculata (Schwartz), Stephunoscyphus
racemosus (polyp of Nuusithoe punctata Kolliker).
Chrysaora quinquecirrhu (Desor), Sanderia m l a y -
ensis Goette, Cyanea capillata (L.), C. lamarcki
PBr. and Les., Pelagia noctiluca (Forskil), P.
coloruta Russell.
Rhizostoma pulmo (Macri), Lobonem smithi Mayer,
Cassiqea mrnuchana R. P. Bigelow, Acromitoides purpurus (Mayer), Catostylus mosaicus
(Quoy and Gaimard).
ANTHOZOA
ACTINIARIA (Anemones) : Actinia equina L., Segartia elegans Dalyell,
Actinothoe (Sagartia) longa (Verrill), Adamsia
palliatu (Bohadsch), Anemonia sulcata (Pennant),
Diudumene cincta Stephenson, Aiptasiomorphu
luciae (Verrill), Corymtis australis Haddon and
Duerden, Bunoductis ekgantissima (Brandt), Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt), Rhoductis
kowesii Saville Kent.
MADREPORARIA (Corals) : Acropora palrnu.ta (Lamarck).
A. Venom apparatus
The stinging unit of the cnidarian is the nematocyst, which is
formed within an interstitial cell, the cnidoblast. All members of the