Adv. ma?. Biol.. Vol. 2. 1964, pp. 133-169
THE PRESENT STATUS OF SOME ASPECTS OF
MARINE MICROBIOLOGY
ROBINA B. SCHOLES AND J. M. SHEWAN
Torry Reearch Station, Aberdeen,
Scotland
I. Introduction
. . .. .. .. .. ..
A. Use of Containers . . .. .. ..
B. Membrane Filters
. . .. .. ..
C. The Submerged Slide or Fouling Technique
111. Media
. . .. .. .. .. .. ..
IV. Distribution of Bacteria in the Sea . . .. ..
A. Geographical Distribution . . . . . .
B. Vertical Distribution
.. .. ..
V. Types of Bacteria in the Sea . . .. .. ..
A. Are There True Marine Baeteria?
..
B. Taxonomic Considerations . . .. ..
C.
11. Sampling Techniques . . .. ..
.. ..
Species Composition of Marine Heterotrophs
VI. Some Spocial Properties of Marine Bacteria . . . .
A. Halophiles
. . . . .. . . . .
B. Barophiles
. . . . .. . . . .
C. Psychrophiles
.. .. . . . .
D. Luminous Bacteria . . .. .. ..
VII. Deterioration of Material8 and Spoilage of Fish
. .
A. Deterioration of Nets, &opes, etc. .. ..
B. Microbiology of Fresh and Spoiling Merino Fish
VIII. Referenccs
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I. INTRODUCTION
Although microbiology is still the Cinderella of the Marine Sciences
there have been encouraging signs recently of considerably increased
effort in this field, more particularly in U.S.A. and Russia. This
apparent neglect was no doubt due to a variety of causes among which
were lack of facilities and of qualified staff, and the cost of ships and
apparatus. The recent renewal of interest is almost certainly linked to
the fact that knowledge of the sea may be as valuable to defenoe
strategy as to the genuine advancement of marine science.
The sea as an environment poses many problems of extreme interest
to the microbiologist, e.g. what are the mechanisms involved in haloPhiEty and psychrophility ? Research on these problems has already
Yielded, and will undoubtedly still yield, many data of general scientific
133
THE PRESENT STATUS OF SOME ASPECTS OF
MARINE MICROBIOLOGY
ROBINA B. SCHOLES AND J. M. SHEWAN
Torry Reearch Station, Aberdeen,
Scotland
I. Introduction
. . .. .. .. .. ..
A. Use of Containers . . .. .. ..
B. Membrane Filters
. . .. .. ..
C. The Submerged Slide or Fouling Technique
111. Media
. . .. .. .. .. .. ..
IV. Distribution of Bacteria in the Sea . . .. ..
A. Geographical Distribution . . . . . .
B. Vertical Distribution
.. .. ..
V. Types of Bacteria in the Sea . . .. .. ..
A. Are There True Marine Baeteria?
..
B. Taxonomic Considerations . . .. ..
C.
11. Sampling Techniques . . .. ..
.. ..
Species Composition of Marine Heterotrophs
VI. Some Spocial Properties of Marine Bacteria . . . .
A. Halophiles
. . . . .. . . . .
B. Barophiles
. . . . .. . . . .
C. Psychrophiles
.. .. . . . .
D. Luminous Bacteria . . .. .. ..
VII. Deterioration of Material8 and Spoilage of Fish
. .
A. Deterioration of Nets, &opes, etc. .. ..
B. Microbiology of Fresh and Spoiling Merino Fish
VIII. Referenccs
. . . . .. .. . . . . . .
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
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.. 133
.. 134
.. 134
.. 136
.. 137
.. 137
.. 138
.. 138
.. 140
.. 142
.. 142
. . 144
.. 146
.. 147
.. 148
.. 150
.. 150
.. 151
.. 154
.. 155
.. 157
.. 164
I. INTRODUCTION
Although microbiology is still the Cinderella of the Marine Sciences
there have been encouraging signs recently of considerably increased
effort in this field, more particularly in U.S.A. and Russia. This
apparent neglect was no doubt due to a variety of causes among which
were lack of facilities and of qualified staff, and the cost of ships and
apparatus. The recent renewal of interest is almost certainly linked to
the fact that knowledge of the sea may be as valuable to defenoe
strategy as to the genuine advancement of marine science.
The sea as an environment poses many problems of extreme interest
to the microbiologist, e.g. what are the mechanisms involved in haloPhiEty and psychrophility ? Research on these problems has already
Yielded, and will undoubtedly still yield, many data of general scientific
133