Ecological Studies at Lough Ine
J . A . K I T C H I N G
Xchool of Biological Sciences. University of East Anglia. England
and
F . J . E B L I N G
Department of Zoology. The University. Xhefield. England
I . Introduction ........................................................ 198
I1 . The Topography of Lough Ine ........................................ 201
I11 . Hydrography ....................................................... 205
A . Introduction ..................................................... 205
B . Tides ........................................................... 205
C . The Rapids ...................................................... 207
D . The Lough ...................................................... 213
IV . Influence ofcurrent ................................................. 222
A . Distribution in relat. ion to Current ..................................
222
B . Mode of Action .................................................. 227
229
A . Introduction .....................................................
229
B . The Littoral Region .............................................. 229
C . The Sublittoral Fringe ............................................ 230
D . The Sublittoral Region ............................................
231
249
F . The Fauna of Laminarian Algae .................................... 250
VI . Zonation ........................................................... 252
A . Introduction ..................................................... 252
253
C . Sublittoral Distribution in the Lough ............................... 256
VII . Predation and Grazing ............................................... 257
A . Introduction ..................................................... 257
B . Mytilus edulis .................................................... 258
C . Thais (Nucella) lapillus ........................................... 263
D . Paracentrotus and Prodatory Crabs ................................. 274
E . Paracentrotus and Algae ...........................................
278
F . Distribution ofCrabs ............................................. 281
G . Conclusions ...................................................... 283
VIII . Synecology .........................................................
284
Acknowledgment .........................................................
289
References ............................................................... 289
197
V . Distribution in relation to Slioltcr and Wave-Exposure ..................
E . Wave Action in Comparison with Current ...........................
B . The Distribution and Characteristics of Patella Species ................